Review Of The Chinese Rural People's Communes And Thinking

History, the real reflection of the objective world, can not be distorted or reversed or even forgotten. The establishment of the People's Commune in the countryside is an unsuccessful episode in our country' s socialist construction, which should be treated squarely and always be remembered. So the thesis is divided into four parts to analyze the problem.Part One: This part reviews the simple procedure of the People' s Commune from its establishment to its abolishment . At first, it explains how the People's Commune was established through the People's Communal Movement. Then it narrates the five periods after its establishment. The first period is from 1958 to 1959, which is its initial stage; The second period is from 1960 to 1961, which is its continuous adjustment stage; The third period is from 1962 to 1965, which is its relatively stable stage; The fourth period is from 1966 to 1977, which is its undulate stage; The fifth period is from 1978 to 1985, which is its gradual abolishment stage.Part Two: This part analyses the main causes for the establishment of the People's Commune in the countryside. At first, it summarizes the available researches of the scholars. Then it puts forward my own opinions. The reasons why the People's Commune was established are as follows: The first reason is the indiscriminate imitation of the Soviet Pattern; The second reason is the wrong judgment on our country's main contradiction; The third reason is the ossified way of thinking toward the theory of public ownership; The fourth reason is the influence ofplanned economy in the special economic conditions; The fifth reason is the influence of the thoughts of being impatient for success; The sixth reason is the consistent support by the supreme commander.Part Three: This part analyses the causes for abolishing the People' Commune. The first cause is called a superficial cause, that is, the abolishment of the People' s Commune is due to the popularization of the contracted responsibility system with remuneration linked to output in our country.The second cause is called a substantial cause, that is, the productive forces were seriously hindered by the People' s Commune system. The thesis emphasizes that the radical cause is the ossified way of thinking towards the theory of public ownership and the over - centralized planned economy system.Part Four: This part gives the rational knowledge on the theories of public ownership and planned economy. Firstly, it analyzes the basic features of socialism that were described by Marx and Engles. Secondly, it analyzes how Lenin correctly put these theories into practice. Thirdly, it analyses how these theories were practiced dogmatically in Stalin Pattern. Fourthly, it analyses how these theories were developed in the Theory of Deng Xiaoping and in the Fifteenth Party Congress.