Rail Transport Industry, Economies Of Scale Of Measurement Methods And Applied Research

Railway transportation industry is in relatively close state for a long time, study to its economic behavior is limited. With the further development of the reform of the railway system, the study on questions as industry's demand of railway transportation, large-scale production, etc. has already seemed very essential. There are indications suggesting that the density economy of the railway transport service really exists, the decline of the average transportation cost is caused because of the high frequency using fixed assets. The larger the traffic volume on the specific circuit is, the higher the density of passenger traffic, freight transportation, the lower the average transportation cost is. So, it is necessary to carry on the positive research to the whole large-scale production of the railway transportation industry of our country.Based on the theory of industry organization and transportation Economics, the following work is finished in this paper:(1) Studying the restriction factors to the formation of the railway transportation scale economy, analyze the market structure, Technology, Capital of the railway transportation industry, then forecast the demand of the future market. Calculating the demand flexibility of the industry, the result shows that there is great demand of railway transportation industry, there is possibility that the industry has scale economy. (2) Set up an absolute Quantity model, then estimate the factors by regression way to get the production-cost function of the enterprises of the railway transportation industry, get the Coefficient of single factor. (3) Introduce the quantity index model, calculate the index of different enterprises in the condition of the no-modification and medication of the railway networks, delete the useless index. Set up mature calculation quantity model of the railway transportation scale economy, then calculate the coefficient of muti-factor scale economy by the absolute quantity index vector and the chosen relative index vector. (4) Apply the result of the scale economy to the case study of the railway transportation industry, confirm the coefficient of the lowest scale economy and entering barrier by the coefficient of scale economy, study the reaction of the scale economy to the market structure.During the reforming process of the railway system, different absolute, relative factors should be considered, and different districts in different ages should be treated by using different economic and policy way.