The Nixon Administration And The Issue Of Representation Of The United Nations China (1969-1971)

This text mainly discusses the background of the policy to Chinese Representation in the UN of Nixon government, issues the courses,main contents and policy results.The problem of Chinese Representation in the UN was proposed in 1949 and resloved finally in 1971,which had lasted for 22 years.The policy on this question of Nixon government had complicated backgrounds. In the world,the power of America and Soviet Union had changed,western Europe, Japan at odds with the community or the leadership aggravation, Sino-Soviet deterioration and the third world rose of status,etc.In U.S.A.,economic question,transition of diplomatic attitude to China,Nixon's politics philosophy and influence of Vietnamese war,etc. also influenced U.S.A.'s policy.Especially the shrink,proposition of Nixon's doctrine and relaxation of American policy on China of U.S.A.'s global strategy,which put forward the new requirement to Nixon government policy on Chinese Representation in the UN.The policy on Chinese Representation in the UN of Nixon government could be divided into four stages in the order of time:defending the original policy,compelled and sought to substitute the policy by the initial situation, determination of the alternative scheme, deciding the policy that "two steps" finally. In the 25th United Nations General Assembly,Nixon government defended tenaciously the original policy.The Albanian motion obtained the simple majority,which made Nixon government realize that defending tenaciously the original policy would result in being defeated simply, the side would begin to consider the substituting policy conscientiously at the end of 1970. Issue "two steps" the main content of the policy was:While not giving up Important Problem case, regarded "expelling Taiwan"as"the important problem",which needed United Nations General Assembly's two-thirds majority to pass, tried to vote to this scheme first, desired so as to ensure the seat in the United Nations of Taiwan;while guaranteeing seat of Taiwan, admited the People's Republic of China to enter the United Nations, there was Dual Representation scheme which with"two China"meaning.On September 22,1971,Important Problem case and Dual Representation scheme after adjusted in U.S.A. were referred to and united The Secretariat of the country.After"two steps"scheme was basically confirmed,Nixon government set about implementing specifically actively,worked including proposing the organization and touting for the new scheme of arrangment,the United Nations sponsor nation of time of the policy formally etc.United Nations General Assembly voted on October 25,1971.Important Problem case suffered defeat with 4 votes.Taiwan's representatives declared to withdraw from the United Nations before the Albanian motion voting results were announced. Subsequently,the Albanian motion was agreed with overwhelming majority and became the No.2758 resolution of the United Nations General Assembly.Dual Representation case that put out deliberately by the United States and Japan was not voted and became the abolishing case.The U.S. government should kept the policy of seats of Taiwan to fail,had lost the leading power to the Chinese representation in the United Nations finally.