Marx 1844 Economic And Philosophical Manuscripts Of The Methods And Logic

The text content of "manuscripts" may be divide into three parts, theyrespectively are the political economic, the philosophy of history and thespeculation philosophy, and its subject is the philosophy of history. In thissubject, the total question of "manuscripts" is to find the essence of theprivate property and then expand the essence of the historical developmentof society change on this basic point. The political economy content takesthe material, the speculation philosophy content takes the world outlookbackground and the methodology instruction, and they serves together forthe subject proof. But these two both contain the centrifugal force beingseparated from the subject.The method of "manuscripts" presents one kind of self-contrastcondition. The method of main narration of "manuscripts" is thecombination of Feuerbach's humanism method and Marx's spontaneousempiricism method. Hegel's diagnostic method is included in, but the resultof this is the Marx's departing from Hegel diagnostic method, and itsconcrete table following four aspects: First, the diagnostic method does notneed the premise to suppose in advance, because it embarks from theoverall, but the premise to supposes is necessary so far as the alienationlogic; Second, every category of the diagnostics shows from the categoryoverall and from the category reciprocity, but the premise in the alienationlogic is showing through the experience and intuition; Third, the diagnosticmethod explains the history through the concepts, but the alienation logicexplains the history through person's activity; Fourth, the diagnosticmethod takes the home to return to itself, but the alienation logic takes thehome to return to humankind. In pure methodology discrimination part of"manuscripts", Marx attempted to discover the new philosophy methodthrough the critique of Hegel diagnostic method. But there isn't paritybetween Marx's critique and the critique object, and its concrete tablefollowing three aspects: First, the basic logic of Hegel diagnostic method isfirstly affirming the world overall and then denying the individual, butMarx's critique has not involved this stratification plane; Second, thediagnostic method says noumenon significance of the absolute spiritual onthe significance of identity between thought and existence, but Marx'scritique was from the survival view; Third, the goal of diagnostic methodis philosophy itself, but Marx's critique actually regarded the philosophy astool. The reason of this kind of unequivalent lies in Marx's change on theview of philosophy. Meanwhile, Mark's method was not stable as well,which was that Mark approved of the rule of the negation of negation of Hegel diagnostic method on the one hand but denied the rule ofcontradictory on the other hand.The alienation logic is Marx's main narration about the philosophy ofhistory. He explained the historical essence by this. This logic directlyoriginates from Feuerbach. But the difference is that Marx stipulated theaffirmation form and the sublation of denial form by the denial form. Thislogic indirectly originates from Hegel. But the difference is that Marxconstructed this logic on direct-viewing and the experience and regards thislogic as only real essence of its own. Marx first traced the affirmation formby the historical negative form, and the result of this was Marx formed tothe concept of man which was constructed by man's essence of kind, thepractice and man's objective existence. This also becomes the logicalbeginning of the main narration of "manuscripts". Next, Marx attempted todiscover the positive way of sublation of this denial form of history, butMarx's discovery had serious logical flaw. This flaw is that he had notinterpreted the inevitability and the concrete way of this process.