On Labor Theory Of Alienation In Economic & Philosophical Manuscripts Of 1844

Economic & Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844, an unfinished book in the early stage of Marx, occupies an important position in his theoretic system and has stormed a heat discussion in the field since its publication in 1932. The Script, an important work prior to the existence of dialectics, historical materialism, and Marxism economics and scientific socialism, concerns on the labor theory of alienation which holds a strong point for arguments in the field. It criticizes the capitalist system through description the alienation of labors in the private ownership of capitalism, and has a thorough analysis on the theory of alienation for the first time. And it is the theory that raises the budding of historical materialism and marks the driving factor of Theory of Surplus Value.Marx not only inherits and criticizes Hegel’s critical thoughts on alienation, but also develops Feuerbach’s humanistic conceptions on alienation. In light of reality and history basis, he has analyzed the exploitation essence of capitalism, attacked the production mode of capitalist society with the weapon of alienated labor theory, and also made the prevention and deletion of alienation as the main issues of his theoretical research, all of which have compromised a critical theory integrated with politics, economics, nature as well as spiritual alienation. it is not difficult to realize, from the script, the scale of value and the scale of history in the theory of alienated labor, as well as the unification of the two. The unification makes the theory occupy an important position in the ideological system of Marx, and even Marxism, marking a huge leap for the development of the alienation theory. Moreover, since Marx begins his analysis from the idealistic essence of human nature, the theory of alienated labor raises argumentations in the field of western Marxism as whether Marx is humanistic.The paper makes a commentary on the labor theory of alienation in the script. It consists of four parts. The first part introduces the Marx’s philosophic basis and assumptions of the theory of alienated labors. The second part portraits the main content of the theory. The third part describes the scale of the theory and its position in the history of Marxism. The last part explains its inheritance and critics on traditional one, as well as its influence on the development of Marx’s theory of alienation.