Gramsci Study

In the pattern of Marxism's differentiation and diversification in 21st century, the development of western Marxism is undoubtedly notable. Antonio Gramsci(1891——1937)was of great importance during the early development of Neo-Marxism, who was theoretical innovative and directly took part in the communist movement and the revolutionary practice of the proletariat, and whose strategy of western revolution and the conceive of practical philosophy affected profoundly the development of the western Marxism. Gramsci's theory of civil society was extraordinarily conspicuous. In his Prison notebook, Gramsci's discussion on civil society presented us an unique angle of view related to Marx's theory of civil society. Gramsci emphasized on civil society's basic and decisive function to state and pointed out the crux of revolution was the struggle for the cultural leadership and the basic approach was to make ideological and cultural criticisms to the capitalist society. The Gramsci's conception and theory on civil society has been the frequently-used category when modern society analyzed. The research of Gramsci's theory on civil society is greatly significant to expand the theoretical view of Marxism, to abandon the either-or explaining mode of Marxism, to discover the modernity of Marxism, and to accelerate the Marxism's localization in China.In this article, the author tries to break the fixed interpreting mode, to give an original interpretation of Gramsci's theory on civil society and to discover its significance to the development of fundamental theory of Marxism and the theoretical value to the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics, through the summarization of the establishment, the major viewpoints and the theoretical characteristics and the comparison and discrimination to related ideas of Gramsci's theory.The innovation of this article is to constructively interpret Gramsci's theory on civil society based on China's present modernization process by pointing out the joint between them. And the author pays special attention on how to expound and solve the problems occurring in the process of China's modernization by employing Gramsci's theory scientifically.