Study Of Graduate Academic Misconduct Under The Perspective Of Sociological Theory

Since the 1990s, the enrollment of postgraduate in our country is larger than before. The rapid development of postgraduate education makes tremendous contribution to our country in many fields, such as the development of science and technology, the progress of society and the prosperity of economy, which make an conspicuous achievement. Nevertheless, along with the expansion of postgraduate enrollment and the influence of some social factors, the quality of postgraduate education is seeing slipped. One of such phenomenon is academic misconduct among postgraduate.This paper first defines postgraduate academic misconduct. Through question-naire survey, the author finds out some status quo of academic misconduct, namely, (1)data fabrication and forgery, (2)plagiarism, (3)reference coinage, (4)monetary transaction, (5)other forms such as multiple submission, signature randomly, forged paper acceptance, etc.Then this paper analysis the causes of postgraduate academic misconduct by using related theories in Sociological Theory. In this part, the author first introduces Social Anomie Theory, Rational Choice Theory and Social Control Theory in Sociological Theory. Then the author analysis the causes of postgraduate academic misconduct by using these above theory. It is considered that morality anomie among postgraduates as well as the discrepancy between the goal and the means cause the scientific misconduct by Social anomie theory. And what Rational choice theory focus on is that scientific misconduct appears under the mental reaction of "rational option" of both postgraduates and whistleblowers. Through the analysis of social control of postgraduate academic misconduct, Social Control Theory thinks that weakening control of morality, lacking of legal and disciplinary control, inadequate control of public opinion and group awareness, and as well as fault control of academic misconduct in universities result in postgraduate scientific misconducts.In the end, this paper brings forward the effective strategies and approaches to manage postgraduate scientific misconduct, that is, to improve moral standard of postgraduate, especially academic moral standard, and to establish a range of postgraduate management.