| Objective:Discussed by high fat diet and injection of STZ establishment of diabetes and atherosclerosis model, through the exercise intervention, to explore the movement of atherosclerosis intervention effect, and through movement, retinal pigment and A MPK/eNOs signaling pathways, to investigate retinal pigment under the exercise intervention mechanism of atherosclerosis in diabetes.Method:First of all, the 90 only four weeks of mice were randomly divided into two groups, one group as the control group (NC group, n= 30), a group as the diabetes atherosclerosis model (DM group, n= 60) forage ordinary NC group, DM group ate high-fat feed. Four weeks later, the DM group according to 40 mg/kg STZ injection, a week to keep feeding, tail vein blood, blood sugar levels more than 11 mol/L or diabetes mice model success. Second, diabetes modeling successful rats were randomly divided into two groups, one group as the diabetes model control group (n= 32, DMC group), a group as a diabetes group (n= 21, DME), exercise every day for 60 min without weight loading swimming training. Then observed respectively 0 weeks (just built diabetes model),2 and 8 weeks of rat arterial endothelial tissue structure and ultrastructure, at the same time, through the analysis of the automatic biochemical analyzer in serum GLU, INS, TC, TG, HDL and LDL levels, at the same time with-were alpha detection in the serum of rats A MPK content and rat arterial tissue A MPK, eNOs, the content of TNF alpha by nitrate reduction method to detect the NO content in serum of rats, arterial tissue in rat by rt-pcr method for detection of JNK, cox-2 mRN A expression changes, through the color method, measuring the activity of iNOs in rat arterial organization.Results:(1) Diabetes model was built (0 weeks), when compared with the control group (NC), diabetes mellitus (DM) model group rats serum GLU elevated, and presents the significant difference (P< 0.05). INS to a certain extent, appeared a small cut. but there was no significant difference (P> 0.05), the indexes of insulin resistance (HOMA IR) were significantly increased (P< 0.01); Compared with diabetes mellitus (DM) model group, diabetes group (DME) in the rat serum levels of FBG significantly reduced (P< 0.05). INS has increased, but there was no significant difference (P> 0.05), HOMA-IR has decreased, but there was no significant difference (P> 0.05).(2) Diabetes just when modeling (0 weeks), the control group (NC group) artery endothelial tissue of rats with HE staining to observe vascular endothelial cells, smooth the nucleus neatly, organizations are close. DM group organization become loose, endothelial began to appear different degree of uplift. DME group bulge part decreases, the organization closely packed, the nuclei are linear distribution in vascular tissue, tissue thickness decrease. In the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at low magnification, NC group of endothelial cells into a polygon, size is consistent, closely arranged on the cell surface, a bar belt in a certain direction. Observed at high magnification, neointimal formation, endothelial cells show long spindle, into the zonal distribution of similar size, shape, arrangement of neat, the line is clear, compact connection, full nuclear area, the membrane surface structure is clear, the visible length of microvilli. DM group at low magnification observation aorta endothelium in local focal or flake uplift, disordered arrangement. Endothelial markedly swollen bulge, change the ball samples, irregular shape. Cell surface thin corrugated disappear, and appear small globular promontory, uplift the signs of loss of endothelial cells. Observed at high magnification, the endothelial surface microvillus disappeared, the cell membrane surface parts fall off of a size insect damage, crater defects, serious large endothelial cell disruption, fall off, the surface is clear cell debris, fiber such as attached. DME obsered at low magnification, the endothelial cells of rats mild cyst, closely packed, but part of the uplift direction is inconsistent, focal mild local show, organization endothelial two-tone holes, signs and endothelial slightly off. Observed at high magnification, the endothelial surface is not smooth, the structure of the membrane surface is a bit messy, but part of the uplift is not obvious. Can even see microvilli, the surface has slight cell fragments attached.(3) Compared with NC group, DMC group content of rat aorta tissue NO significant decrease (P< 0.05), the content of eNOs is extremely significant decrease (P< 0.01); DMC group rats blood lipid index changes, TC, TG, LDL levels significantly increased (P< 0.05), HDL significantly decreased (P< 0.01). After aerobic exercise, compared with DMC group, the contents of rat aorta tissue NO and eNOs DME significantly increased (P< 0.05); TC, TG, LDL in the blood are appeared significantly lower (P< 0.05), HDL increased, and significant difference (P< 0.05).(4) Compared with NC group, the contents of rat aorta tissue TNF-a.DMC extremely significantly increased (P< 0.01), the JNK, cox-2 mRNA expression quantity has increased dramatically, show very significant difference (P< 0.01), serum and tissue retinal pigment decreased obviously and show significant difference (P< 0.05), the rats in the organization A MPK declined obviously, and extremely significant difference (P< 0.01). After aerobic exercise, compared with DMC group, the contents of rat aorta tissue TNF-a.DME,8 weeks, significant difference (P< 0.05). JNK, cox-2 mrna expression quantity to decrease,2 week show significant difference (P< 0.05),8 weeks were very significant differences (P< 0.01). Serum and tissue of the retina pigment were significantly increased (P< 0.01), AMPK significantly increased (P< 0.05).Conclusion:(1) As the extension of type 2 diabetes duration, rat aortic atherosclerosis emerging, the endothelial cells of endocrine function obstacle.(2) Long-term aerobic exercise can improve blood lipid metabolism of type 2 diabetes, the body, reduce inflammation reaction, so as to effectively prevent the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis, improve the function of endothelial cells in points.(3) Long-term aerobic exercise can increase the secretion of retinal pigment and activate A MPK eNOs/NO pathway, inhibition of vascular inflammation, relieve vascular endothelial damage, which may be aerobic exercise to prevent the important mechanism of the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. |
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