Japan's Postwar Structure Of Higher Education To The Development Of The Enlightenment

The higher education development is by the quantity, the quality, the structure, the benefit four essential factors is composed mutually depends on for existence, the inter coordination process, these essential factors separately are playing in the higher education development process the different role. The higher education structure is a count for much question, because even if the quantity grew, the quality enhanced, if the structure is unreasonable, can create the higher education resources the waste. Therefore must at the right moment adjust the higher education structure according to the market economy level of development, develops the higher education through the optimized structure, causes the higher education to meet society's need from the whole. Therefore, based on adapts the market economy development angle of view to inspect the Japanese higher education, the thorough research higher education structure adjustment and the optimization has the important academic value and the practical significance.The market economy not only is the higher education structure development material base, also is deciding the higher education development scale, the speed as well as the talented person raise specification. The postwar Japanese higher education success development in the Asian area is most typical; its success experience explains the market economy development to the higher education structure change decisiveness function. In the economic rehabilitation period, through promulgates and implements "about Japanese Education System Regulatory policy Instruction", "US Educates Diplomatic agent To roll Report", "Education Fundamental law", "School Educational method", "Short-term college Establishes Standard", "Graduate school Datum" and so on aeries of laws and regulations, Japan has only used more than three years of time, then had the step to complete has established the new education system the work, it has laid the important foundation to after that the Japanese higher education development. In economical high speed development time, in order to satisfy economy high speed the need to develop, the Japanese government has formulated the new higher education policy, has adjusted the higher education structure and expanded the higher education scale, since has caused the Japanese higher education to enter postwar has developed the quickest historical period. In the economical slow development time, the education had also ended the big development aspect along with it, and corresponding changes stably develops and improves the quality the stage. At the same time, the preceding time educates all sorts of questions which the big development brings, requests the people recto carefully examine with the ponder postwar establishment new educational system, seeks solves the question method and causes the education the countermeasure which further develops under the new social situation. Under this kind of historical condition, Japan has raised the third education reform. This higher education reform not external pressure, the reform power mainly comes from in the country and the university, moreover reforms with emphasis not in the educational system and so on the macroscopic stratification plane, but in college course and management and so on microscopic stratification plane. Under the economical globalization background, Japan has established "the technical innovation founds a nation" the new strategy, but the higher education is Japan implements this strategic the foundation. Since therefore, the 90's, Japan has carried on a series of reforms to the our country higher education, like national university's structure reorganization, the short-term higher education trend take specially repairs the school as the center, the development specialized research institute and so on, thus had the international competition strength and rich spiritual life Japan has led the 21st century this knowledge economy time.Under the economical globalization background, Japan has established "the technical innovation founds a nation" the new strategy, but our country in the process which the market economy system establishment and gradually consummates, the higher education form structure, the school system and so on gradually by solely move towards the diversification, the talented person raise level is also more distinct, enables the higher education discipline specialized to adjust, the optimization. But, the our country higher education inspect and so on level structure, branch class structure, form structure, region structure still had the problem which many urgently awaited to be solved.Facing these questions, profits from Japanese the experience, the our country higher education first should establish the lamination development the higher education system, thus constructs the pyramid higher education structure system to adapt the industrial structure change. At the same time, must pay great attention to the outstanding person education and the popular education coordination development, and advancement integration branch class system structure. Certainly, besides higher education own adjustment, but also needs to establish under the market economy system the higher education structure adjustment mechanism, the guarantee higher education structure under the market economy the science, is reasonable, the health development.