Republic Of China Junior High School National History Textbook Research (1920-1936)

Historical education can regard as a kind of ideological and political education in essence. It plays a major role in fostering students' historical cognition, sound personality, national emotion and values. As a transmitting tool, its significance has affirmed and concerned by the public.This paper tries to study the circumstance of Chinese history textbooks used by junior high school during 1920-1936, describe the process of variety and development, moreover, reveal the deep reason of its back. Because they have many kinds of categories and editions, I will choose some of representative to study.By analysis, I find that history textbook of this period have changed much in contents and style. In contents, they draw progressive historical science thoughts, introduced advanced world educational ideas. In style, they explored textbook write of scientific actively, urging history textbook obtained the big progress.But history textbook are subjected to social control unavoidably. They have to reflect the will of policy-makers and ideas of educational experts. They will easy to teaching. They also involve the interests of publishing house. Furthermore, they will help students study> understand and acquire history. Indispensable, they must help students pass exams. The needs full of complex and concrete limit the development of them.Every society has the way of social control, history textbook are the objects of it, so it can't eliminate. We should only keep concerning the complicacy of problems and latent influence, use the experience of predecessors for reference to the fullest extent. Then, we can provide assists for development of history textbook in 21st century.