Two Papers, Distributive Justice And Institutional Change

This paper reviews the theories of distributive justice in contemporary political theory. A preliminary inquiry shows that justice is a collective intentionality within a community, which determines the scope of freedom, rights and responsibility of human being.In this paper I critically study the distinctions between egalitarianism, desert principle, utilitarianism, difference principle and entitlement theory. The importance of theories of distributive justice can only be evaluated in substantial contexts. The issues and arguments over distributions come from the expansion of spontaneous order, not thought experiment. A related issue is to give injustice its due, which might be neglected by most theories about distributive justice.In this paper I understand the writing of social contract as a bargaining problem in which all sides are rational. Some necessary conditions for the privatization-oriented transition are investigated. The significance of profitability threshold, ideology, and attitudes toward risk are supported by the results of the model. A free social contract equilibrium exists when the loss imposed on the most disadvantaged are fairly small relative to the benefits obtained by society.