Research On Ecological Compensation Fiscal Policy Under The Division Of Main Function

Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy develops, urbanization and industrialization continues to accelerate, but due to not enough emphasis on the environment, and the lack of land development plan and the macroeconomic policy guidance which can be implemented. All of this lead to the gradual deterioration of ecological environment, economic development layout and ecological environment gradually become imbalance, land space industry structure shows more weakness, and the gap between rich and poor is more and more big. Moreover, the intense competition between local governments brought disorder and excessive development on areas, thus further exacerbated the deterioration of ecological environment. For the current critical situation, in 2006, "China’s national economic and social development ’The Eleventh Five-Year’Plan clearly put forward to promoting the main functional area planning. According to the resources and environment carrying capacity, density and development potential of existing development, our country will be divided into four main functional areas:Optimizing development zone, Key development area, Restricted development zone and Prohibited development zone. Putting forward the main function of the areas provides the direction for the development of each region, it is more important that it provides an important foundation for the protection of the ecological environment. However, he main function of the areas has its obvious inherent nature, such as the lack of development opportunities for Protect environment, the cost of the ecological environment inputs can not be compensated, etc. Therefore, the lack of compensation mechanism to guide and improving related policies can seriously restrict the development of the main functional areas.In this paper, on the basis of predecessors and in the view of the problems exists in the ecological compensation fiscal policy which under the main functional areas, I put forward some optimization suggestions of ecological compensation fiscal policy in our country. These are the main contents of this paper:First, in the need of ecological compensation under the main functions of the division, I explained "Why would we want to compensate"; And then, I analyzed the successful practice of the typical foreign nations’ecological compensation, and draw on the subject of ecological compensation under the main function zones in our country at this stage; At the same time, on the basis of foreign revelation, I analyzed the problems existing in the ecological compensation which under the main function zones; Finally, I illustrated the problem "how to compensate" by using the main innovation of ecological compensation function zoning standards as well as our estimates optimization of fiscal policy to illustrate the problem "how to compensate"This article may innovate from the following three aspects:First, by learning from the experience of the typical foreign countries’successful practices, I obtained the revelation of perfect ecological compensation fiscal policy under the main function zoning in our country; Second, I analyzed the trade-offs between the various types of development priority zones on the government and the market regulation; Third, based on the calculation method of analysis on the more ecological compensation standard, the paper puts forward a calculation standard of ecological compensation under the main function division, taking Yiliang County as an example to implement the calculation. In this paper, there are many shortcomings, such as the lack of data, the selection of some measure indicators (such as technical progress factor) is subjective, theoretical basis is weak, and so on.