Shipping Enterprise Crisis Management Research

Since the mid 1980s, crisis management signed with the establishment of the enterprises crisis management system in American MNEs has come to the mature stage and taken an important position step by step in the enterprises' management system. During this period, quite a number of enterprises have managed to find out a packet of rules and methods to cope effectively with crises and adopted crisis management inside the enterprise. Management circle in the west react positively to the crisis management from the field of business, and discuss in a wide range from the theoretical perspective. Under the condition of market economy, because of the uncertainty of operating environment and constraint ability that people have on it, it is inevitable that the corporation will confront with crisis. Then, how to establish the crisis management system, which can help the corporation take effective measurements to avoid crisis in advance and realize its enduring development, has become a very actual subject. Every kind of crisis may take place at any time, so every company should establish the early-warning mechanism, conducts the analysis according to the early warning, and drafts the feasible system to solve the crisis. It is not only beneficial to the business enterprise's healthy growth, but also can solve the crisis risk, and get the beneficial competition opportunity. This paper concentrates on the crisis management of shipping enterprises. Based on an empirical case study, it conducts a systematic research of the factors leading to business crises, the mechanism of crisis early warning, and the effective solutions to the business crises faced by Chinese shipping enterprises.The paper begins with the definition of crisis and the review of related crisis theories. It analyzes the crises formation and development, the crisis theories and the effect of the crisis management. Secondly, based on the theories of crisis management, the paper deduces the feature and types of shipping enterprises' crises. It also analyzes the causes for the crises from different perspectives. Thirdly, the paper proposes the agenda and further defines the basic methods for the implementation of the crisis-early-warning management. It completely analyzes the core elements for setting up early warning of crisis management system from suchaspects as crisis monitoring, testing, crises broadcasting and crises pre-controlling. In the analysis of every system, the author with the aim of early-warning and pre-controlling the key links and the key activities in the business, emphasizes on the viability and application value for shipping enterprises to implement the early-warning crises management by analyzing the main and high-related indexes in the crises early-warning management activities. Finally, based on an empirical case study, the paper conducts the solution to the crisis of shipping enterprises and analyzes the public relationship tactics when solve the crisis.