The Status And Prevention Countermeasures On Qaidam Desertification

Desertification is one of the world's top ten environmental issues, ranked third, which is the most prominent eco-environmental problems in our country. Desertification is serious harmful to sustainable development in desert areas. Western Development prevails in China's overall regional development strategy. Based on mutual promotion and protection of the development adhere fully to enhance capacity for sustainable development, we must increase the intensity of the western ecological environment, and improve the ecological environment in the western region to achieve the sustainable development of the western region. The most pressing problem is desertification, which is implementing the western development of the most important basic construction.The desertification in Qaidam Basin is the most serious issues in our country and the ecological environment is quite vulnerable. Due to the unique geographical, geological and climatic conditions, coupled with irrational human economic activities, it is forming a large area of desert land, and with a trend of the spread there. With the Procession of the western development and the increasing population in the basin, it is confronting to us, which is the contradictions between Construction and development, population and land,resources problems and conflicts between environmental protection has to varying degrees in front of us, and these conflicts will become increasingly prominent as time passing by. It has been seriously affected the economic development of the basin, even the whole sustainable development of economy and security of Qinghai province. Therefore it is very useful in both realities and theories to study on the development of desertification in the region and the countermeasures.The paper focused on studying the causes of desertification and discussed the generation mechanism. The desertification in Qaidam region mainly lied on in four areas: land gravel desert, desertification, stalinization and grassland degradation. The result showed that it is the result of natural and artificial reasons. Natural causes mainly analyzed of the basin effects (including abnormal climate, rainfall and evaporation, etc.), animal damage effects. These factors are persistent, which are also the main impulse of development of desertification. As to artificial reasons,the main consideration of the abuse cultivation, grazing, firewood collection abuse, excessive and unreasonable use of water resources, mining and other resource use patterns in the original occurrence of desertification, played in promoting the development and induced effect.Based on the analysis of causes of desertification,the develop process of desertification is studied, the result showed that the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was the first condition of the Qaidam Basin desertification; And the abnormal weather is the predominated factor,while the salt-contained loose accumulation provided rich material base to the formation of desertification,the effort of wind and water is the indirect reasons to form desertification. However, human irrational economic activity accelerates the desertification.At last, according to the characteristics of desertification, the paper proposed desertification control principles, strategies, Countermeasures and antidotes desertification control and the legal support system.