The Simulation And Finite Element Analysis Of The Hydraulic Excavators

Hydraulic excavator is a large-scale mining machinery used in modern construction, such as highway, bridges, architecture, ponds, underground and rescue projects, etc. The mining performance plays a key role in improving the working efficiency of a hydraulic excavator. The working is realized by the single or compound movements of the three hydraulic cylinders and through the interaction between the bucket and material. The movement state and the loads subjected to are so complex that the fault often appears in arm or boom strength failure or pin shaft joint fracture. This brings huge economic losses to the enterprises. Hydraulic excavator strength is one of the most important points in its device design. Ii is inseparable with the optimization design and improvement mining performance working efficiency. So it is of important engineering significance to simulate the working process and to analyze the strength of working device.In this paper, the author uses virtual prototype technology to make dynamic simulation and finite element analysis about the working equipment of hydraulic excavator. First of all, each part of the hydraulic excavator is established by software UG. Then these parts are assembled to constitute the virtual model of hydraulic excavator. Secondly, the virtual model is imported into the motion simulation software ADAMS. After checking the model and imposing the relevant sport vices and restrictions, we mainly get the trajectory of the bucket tooth, the working scope, the largest mining radius, height and depth of the hydraulic excavator through kinematics simulation about typical working conditions. By dynamic simulation we get the load changing curves in arms, booms, buckets and each hydraulic cylinder joints. At last, the finite element analysis about the boom is made. The results show that the biggest stress mainly appear in the joint of boom with boom hydraulic cylinder and the joint of boom with base. The stress state is one of the important factors for excavator strength control. And these results provide the basis to further strength analyzing and directive significance to optimization design.