Study On Genetic Relationship Of Garlic (allium Sativum L.) Germpalsm Resources By Morphological And Molecular Techniques

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) which is an medicinal and edible plant belongs to Allium of Liliaceae. Generally, the cultivars have obvious regional adaptability. During a long period, people classified the garlic by using the quantitative taxonomy which is based on the morphological and biological characteristics of plants, but this method was affected by the population size and environmental factors, so the genetic relationship of 40 garlic germplasm were analysed using the morphological traits, the SRAP and SSR molecular markers, and the results will provide research basis for the identification and evaluation of garlic germplasm resources. The results are as follows:16 morphological traits of 40 aecessions were surveyed and analysized and it showed that the average diversity index was 3.623. Group A and B were classified based on the 16 morphological traits of 40 aecessions, group A includes most of the aecessions (37 aecessions), which can be divided into three subgroups at different coefficient level genetic level. B be made up of only three resources, namely Soviet garlic, Qingmai Thailand garlic, No.40 from Korea.380 pairs of SRAP primers were screened and it showed that 23 pairs primers were polymorphic. The 40 garlic cultivars can be classified into group A and group B at the similarity coefficient level of 0.58 by using 23 pairs of SRAP primers. Group A included 31 cultivars, which could be further divided into three subgroups:25 germplasm were clustered together at the similarity coefficient level of 0.65;4 germplasm were gathered together at the genetic level of 0.67; 3 garlic varieties were gathered together; Group B included 9 cultivars, which could be further classified into two subgroups at the similarity coefficient level of 0.61, Where 6 cultivars were gathered together in the first subgroup and 3 garlic cultivars were gathered together in the second subgroup.We got only a pair of effective scallion SSR primers from 100 of them and 5 garlic SSR primers from eight pairs of them. The 40 garlic cultivars can be classified into group A and group B at the similarity coefficient level of 0.54 by using 8 pairs of SSR primers. Group A included 30 cultivars, which could be further divided into three subgroups:25 germplasm were clustered together at the similarity coefficient level of 0.68; 3 germplasm were gathered together at the genetic level of 0.78; 2 garlic varieties were gathered together; Group B included 10 cultivars, which could be further classified into two subgroups at the similarity coefficient level of 0.58, Where 6 cultivars were gathered together in the first subgroup and 4 garlic cultivars were gathered together in the second subgroup.The similarity/cophenetic matrices of 40 garlic accessions from SRAP and SSR analysis were compared.The study showed that the ircorrelation coefficient was 0.617 and it was high.