The Study On The Effect Of The Transport Stress And Anti-stress Treatment On The Physiological Function Of Beef Cattle

In order to study the influences of transport stress on the hormone level, physiological and biochemical indicators and the immune function indicators of beef cattle. We monitored the incidence, physiological indicators, hormone level, blood physiology and biochemical indicators and immune function indicators of the Simmental Crossbred Progeny and Xianan cattle in this experiment.Experiment 1 The study of the pathogenicity of the transport stress on the SimmentalCrossbred Progeny Two batches of healthy Simmental Crossbred Progeny (♂) was transported from Dongbei to Henan Xuchang in July and September 2009 respectively in this experiment. The first batch of 69 heifers which the average weight was about 190 kg was transported by the double layer car. The second batch of 39 heifers which the average weight was about 200 kg was transported by the single layer car. Monitored continuously and analysised statistically the incidence of the two batches of heifers for 30d after arrival. There are the results:(1) The morbidity of the first batch and the second batch were 78.26 % and 79.49 % respectively, The mortality of the first batch and the second batch were 20.29 % and 0 respectively. The morbidity and the mortality of the first batch were lower for 1.23 % and higher for 20.29 % than that of the second batch.(2) The morbidity and the mortality of the first batch in the upper were 77.3 %(17/22)and 27.3 %(6/22), The morbidity and the mortality of the first batch in the low were 76.9 %(10/13)and 23.1 %(3/13), the upper beef cattle's morbidity and mortality were 0.4 % and 4.2 % higher than the lower.Experiment 2 The contrasted study on physiological and blood indicators by transportation in Xianan cattleNine eight-month-old healthy Xianan cattles (♂) were transported with motor vehicle for more than 3 h(about 110 km) in this experiment. Collected venous blood and measuring body temperature before and after transportation respectively, analyzing blood, biochemistry and ion indicators. There are the results:(1)physiological indicators: The body temperature dropped compared with the values of before transportation.(2)blood indicators: Compared with the values of before transportation, LYM , P and K+ remarkably decreased(P<0.05);LYM % and BUN extremely remarkably decreased(P<0.01); ALB and GLU remarkably raised(P<0.05);GRA, GRA %, CK, AST, LDH, COR, Na⁺ and Cl^- extremely remarkably raised(P<0.01);WBC, MID and TP don't remarkably raised(P>0.05);RBC and HGB don't remarkably decreased(P>0.05). ALP lightly raised;TG, T-CH, IgG, IgA, IgM, Ca²⁺ and PH don't obviously change before and after transportation.Experiment 3 The study of the effect of three anti-stress treatments on the hormone level, blood physiology and biochemical indicarors and immune function indicators of the Simmental Crossbred ProgenyTwenty-four eight-month-old healthy Simmental Crossbred Progenies (♂) were selected in the northeast in this experiment were randomly divided into four treatments(Expâ… , Expâ…¡, Expâ…¢and Con) and six heifers were included in every treatment. Expâ… were fed with cenlinbaizhusan, Expâ…¡were fed with sinisan, Expâ…¢were injected biological factor. These heifers was transported to Henan Suiping after adjustment for one month. Monitored mainly hormone, blood physiology and biochemical indicarors and immune function indicators. There are the results:(1) physiological indicators:Transportation can cause the body severely weight loss, the descending order of the rate of weight loss when arrival was: Con, Expâ…¡, Expâ… and Expâ…¢, the body weight all returned to the value before transportation for 30 d after arrival. The temperature, respiration and heart rate of Con were significantly raised when arrival (P<0.05) and even extremely significantly raised (P<0.01). The temperature, respiration and heart rate of Expâ… were most stable, followed by the Expâ…¢, again for the Expâ…¡. These values were all returned to the values before transportation for 1d after arrival.(2) hormone level: The Cor and ACTH of Con were almost significantly raised at 10h after transportation and arrival(P<0.01) . The Cor and ACTH of Expâ… were most stable, followed by the Expâ…¢, again for the Expâ…¡. Expâ… and Con differed significantly. These values were all returned to the values before transportation for 1d after arrival.(3) blood physiology and biochemical indicarors: The WBC, MID, GRA, RBC, HGB and PLT of Con were almost significantly raised at 10 h after transportation and arrival(P<0.05) and even extremely significantly raised(P<0.01). These indicators appeared significantly raised at 1d and 7 d after transportation(P<0.05) . The LYM of Con was extremely significantly raised(P<0.01) and significantly raised(P<0.05) at 10 h after transportation and arrival. These values were all returned to the values before transportation for 30d after arrival.The WBC, MID, GRA, RBC, HGB, PLT and LYM of Expâ… were most stable, followed by the Expâ…¢, again for the Expâ…¡. Expâ… and Con differed significantly(P<0.05).The Na⁺ and Cl^- of Con were almost significantly raised(P<0.05) at 10 h after transportation and arrival and even extremely significantly raised(P<0.01). The K+,Ca²⁺å'ŒpH were almost significantly decreased(P<0.05) and even extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01). These values were all returned to the values before transportation for 3 d after arrival.The Na⁺, Cl^-, K+, Ca²⁺ and pH of Expâ… were most stable, followed by the Expâ…¢, again for the Expâ…¡. Expâ… and Con differed significantly.The TP, ALB, CK, AST, LDH, BUN and GLU of Con were almost significantly raised(P<0.05) at 10 h after transportation and arrival and even extremely significantly raised(P<0.01). These values were all returned to the values before transportation for 3 d after arrival.The TP, ALB, CK, AST, LDH, BUN and GLU of Expâ… were most stable, followed by the Expâ…¢, again for the Expâ…¡. Expâ… and Con differed significantly.(4) blood immune function indicators: After the injection of vaccine ,the antibodies of the O type and Asiaâ… of foot and mouth disease and Mycoplasma were all extremely significantly raised(P<0.01), the antibody of Pasteurella were significantly raised(P<0.05) in the four treatment. The antibody of Con decreased fastest, followed by the Expâ…¢, again for the Expâ…¡. The antibody of Expâ… decreased slowest.The IgG, IgM and IgA of the four treatment all decreased at 10 h after transportation and arrival, the Con appeared significantly decreased (P<0.05). These values were almost returned to the values before transportation for 7 d after arrival. Expâ… , Expâ…¡and Expâ…¢each differed not significantly. The IgG of Expâ… and Con differed significantly at arrival.The CD4 , CD8 and CD4/CD8 of Con was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01), significantly raised (P<0.05) and significantly decreased (P<0.05) respectively at arrival. The CD4 , CD8 and CD4/CD8 of Expâ… were most stable, followed by the Expâ…¢, again for the Expâ…¡. Expâ… and Con differed significantly.There are the conclusions by analyzing the results: (1) The morbidity and mortality of beef cattle are higher which transported in the heat summer. The morbidity and mortality of beef cattle which on the high vehicle is higher than that which on the low vehicle. The morbidity and mortality of beef cattle are higher which weight light than heavy. (2) Transport is a strong stressor on the body, it can lead the Cor extremently significantly raise (P<0.01). Transport can couse severe dehydration and the Na⁺ and Cl^- raise extremently significantly(P<0.01). Transport can damage the muscle cells and the muscle-specific enzyme CK and the AST and LDH will escape from the muscle cells, The CK, AST and LDH in the serum will significantly raised (P<0.05).(3) Cenlinbaizhusan has some anti-stress effect which can alleviate the changes of the hormone level, blood physiology and biochemical indicarors and immune function indicators on beef cattle before and after transportation. Biological factor which is not better as the cenlinbaizhusan also has some anti-stress effect. The anti-stress effect of sinisan is not better as the biological factor.