Studies On Genetic Variation Between Pleurotus Eryngii Strains And Monospore Hybridization

Pleurotus eryngii is one of the rare edible fungi with rapid development for food, health protection and medicinal function. There are lots of related researches about its cultivation, but rare about the genetic difference analysis and the excellent strains selection. In this study, we selected superior strains from24Pleurotus eryngii strains by cultivation test, antagonistic test, ISSR and SRAP analysisi, which collected across the country and conserved in edible fungi institution and sub-health intervention technology laboratory. Then the single pore hybridization technique was conducted to screen the superior strains. Then monosporous hybridization technology was used for breeding novel strains.In cultivation test, all of the24strains could produce fruiting body. The transfonnation rates of14strains in the first wave of mushroom were more than50%while the highest rate was p22with68.66%. Agronomic traits were comparative analyzed and the parents with superior quality were found.The24strains were divided into8classes via antagonistic test. While the results of ISSR and SRAP molecular marker revealed that the24strains could be divided into9classes when the coefficient of genetic similarity was0.85that p1,p3, p6,p7,p8,p10,p11,p13,p17were class Ⅰ; Class Ⅱ were p23,p24; p2, p4,p5,p9,p12were class Ⅲ; p16.p19,p21were class Ⅳ; p14were class V;p15were class Ⅵ; p18were class Ⅶ; p22were class Ⅷ; p20were class Ⅸ. The results of molecular markers and antagonistic test were similar so that molecular marker could be an efficient method for genetic differences analysis.The strains with distant phylogenetic relationships and large complementary advantage were selected through antagonistic test, cultivation experiment and molecular marker to conduct single spore hybridization pairing experiment. According to the biologic and agronomic characteristic, No.13and No.22strains grew fast, and the biological efficiency and transformation rate of the first wave of mushroom were high. Strains of No.9,15,16,17have a beautiful shape and scarce bud while the single mushroom were big, the proportion of diameter, height and cap were proper, with low transformation rate. Combined with the results of SRAP—ISSR analysis,8×15,9×15,13×15,15×22,16×22,17×22were selected to do single spore hybridization pairing experiment. These six combinations were successful to screen new spieces by preliminarily identified with microscopic examination of hyphae.It is ensured the success of crossbreeding with microscopic examination of the mononuclear hypha, dikaryotic hypha and vegetative incompatibility. Six combinations which named A, B, C, D, E, F, were indentified and cultivated. The mushroom type and biological efficiency of these six strains were superior to the parent strains, especially the biological efficiency of D. E, F is10-20%higher than the parent strains.