Study On Key Cultivation Techniques Of Miscanthus Energy Plant

Miscanthus belongs to herbaceous perennial C4plant, which includes14species in the world, among which7species in China. M. sinensis, M. floridulus, M. sacchariflorus and M. lutarioriparius are considered as M. energy plant because of their higher yielding potential, greater ecological adaptability and lower planting cost.In this paper, the germination conditions of hybrid seeds of M. energy plant, effect of planting density on biomass and quality of M. energy plant, effect of harvest time on biological characteristics and quality of M. energy plant, effect of ripener on quality of M. energy plant were studied with12wild species and4hybrids as materials, and the main results are as follows:(1) The seed weren't germinated at15℃and45℃, had the highest germination rate of96%under variable temperatures (20/30℃). The germination rate on the paper,94%, was higher than that of other germinating beds. There was no significant difference in germination rate and germination index between the light and dark condition. The mean germination rate was above85%of the seed stored one year under4℃and room temperature conditions. The germination rate of seeds stored at-20℃was0%, and the germination rate was increased from66%to86%by clearing the glume. The results provided foundation for seed reproductive system of Miscanthus.(2) The effects of planting density on tiller number per hill, biomass production and content of N, P and K of Miscanthus plants were significant in the first year after transplanting, while the effect on plant height and florescence was not clear. At the same time, different materials showed difference to planting density. The biomass production in the planting density of M1(0.75m×1m) was significantly higher than that of others treatments of all materials. The biomass production at harvest-time from high to low ranked below:B0525>02142> Xiangzamang No.3>02498>03100>00018> Xiangzamang No.1>Xiangzamang No.2>7-A-12>A0102>A0107.(3) There was significant influence of different harvest-time of vegetative on biology and quality traits of Miscanthus. The SPAD value of leaves was decreased with the delay of havest time. If delay harvest-time to January of next year, the fresh weight, dry weight, moisture content of biomass and N, P, K content of M. sinensis. M. sacchariflorus, M. lutarioriparius and hybrid were decreased significantly. (4) There was significant influence of harvest-time of seeds of Miscanthus on the germination rate, and the best harvest-time of seed should be determined according to different varieties. The seed of A0104and Xiangzamang No.3should be collected in November, while December was the best harvest-time for seeds of A0107, B0605, Xiangzamang No.1, and January was the best harvest-time to the seed of Xiangzamang No.2.(5) Effect of3types of ripener on Miscanthus was studied with Xiangzamang No.2and02142as materials, and the results showed that glyphosate, ethylene and glyphosate-ethylene mixed preparation could significantly decreased SPAD value of leaves and moisture content and N, P and K content in plant. Ripener had significant effect on accelerating plant maturing and turning yellow. Among3types of ripener, the effect of glyphosate-ethylene mixed preparation was best.