A Reflection On The Environmental Archaeology Of Hongshan Culture

The formation and development of Hongshan Culture has always been one of the major concerns among archaeologists. Hongshan Culture can date back to 5000 to 6500 years ago, mainly in the southeast of Inner Mongolia alongside both the north and the south side of Yanshan Mountain as well as in the west of Liaoning Province. As the important remains of the culture of China's northern region, the archaeological research on Hongshan Culture is of great referential value to the study of the origins of Chinese civilization.From the archaeological perspective, the form of economy should be the economic activities in certain particular historic stage, which, in other words are the acquisition of daily necessities such as food and the mode of production. To certain degree, the form of economy can be seen as the techniques of survival. In ancient times, the forms of economy mainly included gathering, fishing and hunting, primitive farming, and stock breeding.Through the research into the form of economy in Hongshan Culture, this paper aims at exploring its relationship with the environmental background with pages devoted to the environmental background under the influence of Hongshan Culture, different forms of economy of Hongshan Culture, and the way of living under such forms, etc. The research into the relationship between the forms of economy in Hongshan Culture and the environmental background will lead us to how they exerted influence on each other and the study on the formation and development of Hongshan Culture's economic forms may reveal the role of human conscious activities in this process.This article arrives at the conclusion that the major economic form of Hongshan Culture is agriculture with various economic forms coexisting at the same time, and the development of such form is closely related to the environmental background, that is, changes in environment will have crucial impact on the rise and fall of the Culture. These characteristics can be found evidently in the stoneware, jade objects, ceramics, bone artifact and other reminds unearthed and discovered in the ruins where Hongshan Culture was distributed.