| With the rapid growth of cultural and economic undertakings, sports gradually become one of the benchmarks to evaluate a country. The prosperity of sports promotes sports journalism to become mature. As an international language, English plays an important role in the sports news transmission. News English, as a variant of English language, is separated from the ordinary English with its own characteristics. News English being a variant of English language, English sports news is also a special text type of news writing. It not only shares all the features of general news, but also shows its unique features, such as extensive use of sports terminology, idioms, and abbreviations. Therefore, non-native readers may find it difficult to read and understand. Important and special as English sports news is, the study of it is in its early stage in China. Fortunately, an increasing number of scholars start out in the study of sports news translation. Among them, some scholars have made researches about sports news translation from the perspectives of Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory, Newmark's Communicative Translation Theory, and Strategies of Domestication and Foreignization. Studies about sports news translation from the perspective of Skopostheory are scarce. Therefore, the study of this thesis is relatively new and meaningful.The E-C translation of sports news is a kind of practical translation, which primarily aims to transfer information, and mainly pays attention to the communicative effect of information. Each practical translation has a real and specific purpose which requires the translation to achieve some certain functions. In this sense, purpose and function of the text become the basis of practical translation. Fortunately, the core idea of "Skopostheory" is the translation aim and target-text function, which is in line with the requirements of practical translation. Skopostheory emphasizes that translation is a purposeful activity which requires translators to combine the clients' requirements with their analysis of the source text (hereinafter abbreviated as ST) in order to achieve the intended function of the target text (hereinafter abbreviated as TT). Therefore, "Skopostheory" can be regarded as a direct guide for practical translation. For these reasons, this thesis takes Skopostheory as the theoretical foundation, the target text as the center, to analyze sports news translation from a macro perspective. The author substitutes dynamic "adequacy" for static "equivalence". The emphasis is laid upon the purposefulness of sports news, and its intended functions in the target culture.This paper first makes a brief introduction to sports news translation, including the definition and characteristics of sports news and sports news translation. The status quo of current studies about sports news translation at home and abroad is also analyzed in detail. Then the author discusses the German functionalist theories, whose representatives are Katharina Reiss, Hans J. Vermeer, Justa Holz-Manttari and Christiane Nord. The development, characteristics and academic achievements of functionalist theories in different periods are also discussed in this thesis. In the following part, the author will take Skopostheory as the basic theoretical foundation to research and analyze its application to the E-C translation of sports news.This thesis introduces the concepts of "translation brief"and "three rules". Through the analysis of actual tennis game coverage, the author attempts to explore the importance and feasibility of Skopostheory in guiding the E-C translation of sports news. A translation process can be divided into three stages:the comprehension stage before translating, expression in the translating process and revision after the translation. According to this thesis, the three stages of translation is in fact the application of "translation brief" and "three rules". First of all, in the first phase of translation, comprehension, a thorough analysis and understanding of "translation brief of both source and target texts helps translators grasp the translation purpose and intended function of a target text. Then in the expression phase, which is actually the real translating phase, "three rules" play the part of a guiding theory for the selection of appropriate translation strategies and tactics. "Three rules" include skopos rule, coherence rule and fidelity rule. As to the specific roles they play respectively, skopos rule guides the selection of translation strategies. Whether literal or faithful translation is adopted is determined by the intended skopos of the target text. As far as coherence rule is concerned in sports news translation, it mainly aims to ensure the unity and coherence of the translated names of persons, places and institutions. And the last rule is fidelity rule, which is applied to making necessary adjustments when in different conditions. For example, in some cases, the target culture requires that translation techniques such as trans-editing be adopted to make a trimmed but complete reproduction of source news. And for the translation of direct quotations, fidelity rule advocates that it should be faithful to the source-text style to make an objective translation. Therefore, direct quotations should be translated into direct quotations in the target text in order to keep the objectivity of news.This paper aims to study from the perspective of Skopostheory, which is relatively new, to generalize a specific and rational guiding theoretical framework for E-C translation of sports news. This can accelerate the development and popularity of sports in China. It is also significant for the completion and perfection of translation theoretical framework, especially the perfection of the theoretical framework of practical translation. |
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