Nicotine Addiction. Acts Of Psychological Mechanisms

In the world today, the number of smokers has exceed more than1.lbillion, about82%of them are from developing countries. China has a larger population of smokers than any other countries in the world, as well as has recorded the highest number of human fatalities from related disease caused by smoking. The2011China Control Smoking Report points out that China has more than3000people die every day from related disease caused by smoking. By2030, a year for global death number caused by smoking will rise to8million. As for smokers, they are not only heart their own health, but most importantly, their smoking also affect the health of the other people around. Therefore, smoking has become the biggest public health damage, as well as the biggest threat on the people's health. While, the main reason for smokers is the nicotine motivation, so once the smoking addicts, they are going to smoke one time every30to40minutes, in order to maintain the stability of the nicotine levels in the brain, or smokers will feel irritable, discomfort, nausea, headache, even eager to add nicotine. In a word, smoking addiction is the essence of the nicotine addiction.Studies suggest that smoking is a chronic addictive disease, and there are such factors to make smokers addictive as biological, environment, behavior, psychology and so on, which are taking a position in behavioral medicine. Therefore, from the angle of psychology and behavior, to discuss about the related influence factors on smoking addiction, and make some intervention measures for reference in terms of smoking, has the extremely important education and social significance.The questionnaire survey method was adopted for this study, and350smokers and100non-smokers were tested by nicotine dependence scale, smoking causes questionnaire and Junior Eysenck Personality Inventory. Conclusions are as follows:1. Most smokers know about the dangers of smoking and secondhand smoke, but smokers are short of knowledge about the dangers of tobacco or they are in a serious shortage of attention, which is increased great difficulty in quit smoking and smoking controlling. Therefore, for strengthening our country to give up smoking, as well as tobacco control work, it should pay more attention to adopt some following comprehensive measures, including the lawmaking, health education, moral, and other aspects.2. Curious, imitation, and depressed mood are regarded as the main reasons for the first time smoking and ranked in the top three among all of smoking factors. Most people who decided to quit smoking is for themselves and their family in a healthy living environment; second reason is the opposition from the family; and the third is for their own image and culture. While the main reason for those who had gave up but recovery of smoking is affected by other people's smoking action around them; and on the other hand, influenced by the following factors, such as social needs, pressure and negative emotions, feelings.3. Smokers who are regarded as the severe nicotine dependence show us that it is difficult to stop or control smoking for themselves in public places, so they are the main target for implementation of anti-smoking legislation.4. Psychoticism is the important personality characteristics of smokers. While the score for those non-smokers is lower than in the normal smoking in terms of the personality dimmensions.5. High neurotic smokers are more likely to smoking addiction. Moderate and severe smoking team in this group is higher than that in light smokers and non-smokers based on the personality dimemensions. While there is no obvious difference between light smokers and non-smokers.6. Moderate and severe smokers got more score in light of the following aspects, including activities from mouth and hands, enjoyment, calm, addiction, automatic, and dependence, which show us the more dependence on nicotine in psychological angle, the more dependence on nicotine. And they thought that smoking is the mean to regulate bad mood and relieve the negative pressure.7. The reasons for smoking related with the neurotic are respectively psychological direction, activities from mouth and hands, enjoyment, calm and addiction. While psychoticism is positive correlative with the neurotic, which includes psychological direction, activities from mouth and hands, enjoyment, calm, stimulation, addiction, automatic, and dependence.8. Through multiple stepwise regression analysis found that in nicotine dependence degree, enjoyment, smoking history, addiction and neurotic are the high risk of factors caused by smoking.