The Research Of Relationships Among Self-efficacy,Social Anxiety And Self-esteem And It's Intervention In College Students

Self-esteem is an essential part constituting the concept of "self", which refers to the positive cognitive evaluation concerning the process dealing with the information of oneself. General self-efficacy is the assessment made by oneself of his capability to accomplish a certain task, while social anxiety is defined as the excessive anxiety and fear performed during interpersonal communication. Many researches on such subject have been put forward from the perspective of sociology, psychology, anthropology. This paper attempts to discuss the relationships among university students' self-esteem, general self-efficacy and social anxiety in the hope of contributing to the contemporary mental health education.This paper includes three parts as follows:The first research aims to enrich the tools for evaluating self-esteem in the Chinese traditional culture context and to lay the foundation for the following researches. The material used is the revised explicit self-esteem scale for Chinese university students on the basis of the "inverted pyramid" model (Zhang&Zhang) of self-esteem, by which the research examines the relationship of the components of self-esteem from three dimensions.The second research analyzes the relationships between the components of self-esteem and social anxiety as well as general self-efficacy; meanwhile, it discusses the mediating effect of general self-efficacy by measuring these elements of more than600university students.The third research supplements to the last one. It employs the means of group counseling to raise the level of university students' self-esteem and to explore possible ways to relieve their social anxiety.The conclusions are listed as follows:To begin with,"The Feelings of Inadequacy Scale"(Janis&Field) is revised based on "Chinese Multiple Self-esteem Scale"(Yang), by which an explicit self-esteem scale including39items is completed. It contains six dimensions, that is, overall self-esteem, academic self-respect, family self-esteem, moral self-esteem, body self-esteem and interpersonal self-esteem.Following this, it turns out that implicit self-esteem is independent to explicit self-esteem together with meta self-esteem while explicit self-esteem is significantly positive correlated to meta self-esteem. Additionally, significant statistic differences do not exist between components in regard of demography (except several dimensions).Thirdly, there exists significant correlation between general self-efficacy and social anxiety, that is to say, self-esteem can affect social anxiety directly or through the mediating effect of general self-efficacy. Explicit self-esteem, meta self-esteem and general self-efficacy are significantly positive related while with explicit self-esteem, meta self-esteem and social anxiety are significantly negative related. General self-efficacy acts as incomplete intermediary effect between self-esteem and social anxiety as well as between self-esteem and social anxiety.Lastly, anticipating self-esteem groups can promote the explicit self-esteem and meta self-esteem of university students who are at a low level of self-esteem markedly and such effect will last for quite a long time. Moreover, it imposes positive effect on raising general self-efficacy and relieving social anxiety.