The Legal System Research Of Biodiversity Conservation In Three Rivers District

Biological diversity is the material basis of human survival and development, and is the strategic resource of social and economic sustainable development. It has extensive values and has played an important role in providing food, industrial raw materials, medicine and other sources, maintaining the circulation of materials in natural world, energy conversion, cleaning up the environment, soil improvement, pest and disease control, soil and water conservation, regulating micro-climate, and promoting natural succession and biological evolution. But in fact, the status of global biodiversity conservation is not optimistic. According to the data, 60% of the global ecosystem is destructed. The ecosystem is the basis of biodiversity conservation, and is closely associated with biodiversity conservation. Because of the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the irrational use of resources, the single species of planting and cultivation, the invasion of alien species, the change of the climate and so on, China's biodiversity is also faced with serious threats. About 90% of the country's grassland has the degradation and desertification problem in different degrees; about 40% of the country's important wetland is threatened seriously by the degradation, especially for coastal mudflats and mangroves. The problem of the loss of species resources become very prominent and the fisheries resources of rivers decline severely. The loss of genetic resources is also very prominent. For example, in the 1950's, the farmers all over the country planted more than 46,000 kinds of rice, but in 2006, only 1,000 kinds of rice was planted approximately, and is basically improved variety and hybrid variety.The Three Rivers National Nature Reserve is located in the hinterland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the headwater region of Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang River. Its total area is 152,300 square kilometers, with an average elevation of 4,000 meters. It is the largest nature reserve in China, the nature reserve with the highest concentration of biodiversity in the areas of high altitude in the world, is also the highest natural wetland of China and is the most sensitive area in the Three Rivers Ecosystem. It is well known as the "Water Tower" of China. According to scientists'preliminary calculation, 25% of the total water of the Yangtze, 49% of the total water of the Yellow River and 15% of the total water of Lancang is from this area. The Three Rivers National Nature Reserve has a unique geographical position and ecological environment, complicated topography and various environment, and is the area with the richest and most concentrated biological diversity. There are many endemic species and protected species among animals and plants. At the same time, The Three Rivers National Nature Reserve is the most sensitive area of ecosystem. In recent decades, due to the dual function of nature and human activities, the ecological environment is gradually degraded and the species of biological diversity decline sharply, the conservation of biodiversity become very imperative. Only by strengthening management and ecological construction, rehabilitating and reconstructing the ecosystem of the area, biological diversity of The Three Rivers District can be effectively protected.This paper Firstly introduces the basic problems and the international legal system of biological diversity conservation. Secondly the author analyzes the existing problems of biological diversity in Three Rivers area and the reasons of the problems from the theory and practice in our country, and then propose the specific systems of building the legalization of biological diversity conservation in Three Rivers area. Finally the paper introduces the legalization of ecological compensation mechanism.