The Study On National Movement Thought Of Liang Qichao

There is no a great upheavals during in three thousand years in Chinese history. China's advanced intellectuals began to seek the way of saving the nation and improving, in face of aggression of the western powers and national decay. After China defeated in Sino-Japanese War of 1895, Kang Youwei initiated A letter to the Emperor. From then on reformist movement began. Liang Qichao appeared in a political arena as a young patriot following Kang.From advocating a constitutional monarchy to democratic republic and then to enlightened despotism, and ultimately safeguarding the Republican politics, Liang changed his opinion in his life, but his care of people's feelings have not changed. With the change of Liang's political views, the attitude for the people has undergone a drastic change in national thinking of his life, including civil rights and civil wisdom thought, New People thought, national petition demands, negative criticism and the national movement ideas. Liang gave up political reform relying on those in power and the "sage of political" in view of Germany's defeat in World WarⅠ, the reflection of political elitism, the disappointment of representative government. Liang put forward National Movement Thought based on the civil rights and civil wisdom thought and the New People thought, and promoted citizen diplomacy movement the National Constitutional Movement and the national waste military exercise. These national campaigns roused awareness, raise the political quality, enhance the level of political life.Liang National Movement thought has different characteristics compared with his past people thoughts:from the ideology of nationalism as guiding thought into a liberal democracy as a value orientation; Target audience of education and speech is mainly the upper face of the gentry, literati class for the implementation of the transformation and the promotion of the National Society, the object is changed to all citizens in national movement; National movement aimed at not only the formation of law, but also pursuing peacefully within the law; By the way of publicity, National Movement proceeded in public, and thus achieve the purpose of educating people; National movement is more effective, more far-reaching and more wide-ranging than former idea in education, it played a limited part in politics,but no limited in the national education, it cultivated and trained the national political consciousness, constitutional values and democratic ideas; The purpose of the National Movement and can not be limited to trivial things, and all must be related to the general public interest to gain most people's understanding and support.Liang National Movement Thought is use for reference for today's constitutional construction. One of it's inspiration is that there is a need to open the national consciousness in the constitutional construction, and that all people need to participate actively, for the purpose of raising the people's level of participation in political and constitutional construction; The second is through political practice and the National Campaign, citizens are educated in order to stimulate instinct and passion to manage political, so that everyone involved in can be trained to learn political knowledge. The third implications of the Constitutional Government is that there is need of doing that which is permitted by law, safeguarding legal rights rationally, doing inclusive things resort to law.