| Over the years, the Government has been in monopolistic position in public services, with the economic and social development, citizens' demand for public services increased, the Government has been expanding public services. As a government monopoly, the supply of public services, high cost and low efficiency, and increasingly troubled government finance, the provision of public services can not meet the diversified and multi-level citizen demand for public services, and thus the production and provision of public services, which is a real problem troubled government.But through the introduction of market competition mechanism,public service marketization broke the government monopoly in public services, formed the competition situation of multiple main part producing and supplying public services and improved the efficiency and quality of public services, and the same time it created conditions for citizens choosing public services to meet the demand for public services ofcitizens.Therefore, the implementation of market-oriented reforms of public services becomes necessary.Market-oriented reforms of public services can be implemented smoothly; the first thing is forming a basic understanding to related concepts of the public service marketization. Secondly, based on the grasp of relevant concepts, it must have a correct understanding of the real possibility and guiding theory of the public service marketization. Only in this way, we have a clear understanding of market-oriented reforms in order to avoid the blind and detours in the process of the market-oriented reforms.As an effective institutional arrangement, market-oriented reforms of public services have been improved quality and efficiency of public services in order to achieve maximum public interest. In reforming practice, there have been some issues, such as market-oriented public services caused the conflict between fairness and efficiency; in the process of public services marketization government responsibility lacked; market-oriented reforms of public services caused the abuse of power and private monopolies, providing new avenues for corruption; market-oriented reforms of public services caused government management crisis. These problems raised the questions and criticisms to market-oriented reforms, we must ask, are not market-oriented reforms really wrong?In fact, the market-oriented reforms are right, market-oriented reforms as an effective institutional arrangement, it is more clever than the government monopoly model of public services, its achievements for all to see, such as multi-supply of public services gradually form; promote the transformation of government functions and realize the role of government in transition; improve the efficiency of public services and quality of supply, and form the demonstration effect for government departments; provide a new way to reform public institutions, and reduce administrative costs. Since the effectiveness of market-oriented reforms is so great, then why market reforms lead to so many problems? The reason is the five-side constraints, reality factors, the concept factors, institutional factors, interest factors and technical factors. Because the interaction of the five factors, the market-oriented reforms inevitably raised problems.As the saying goes, the effectiveness of the reform is to obtain an effective means of reform, the reform is also a realistic way to correct problems of reform, and reform-induced problems can be solved only through deepening reform. Western country's market-oriented reforms of public services are earlier than that of china, their successful experience is worth learning, the effective ways of marketization reforms we should also learn from these experiences are:clarify the government functions orientation in the public service, and appropriately adjust it with the social and economic development; according to the classification and the characteristics of public service, implement classification reform and management; vigorously promote the development of the third sector to cultivate multiple main for supply of public services; strengthen the monitoring of public services to integrate efficiency and equity of public services. As a good model of this reform, it has a real reference to promote and deepen our market-oriented reforms of public services. Of course, due to differences in national circumstances, the reform should also be different, to promote and deepen our market-oriented reforms of public service, we need to do the following:transform government functions and strengthen the government's responsibility, which requires us to strengthen the government management innovation, and the leading role in the supply of public service; effectively coordinate the relation of government and business, government and the third sector, and form patterns of positive interaction of government, business and society; establish a strict evaluation and supervision system of public services marketization to guarantee that public services marketization can provide citizens with adequate, high quality, efficient public services; establish and improve the legal system of the public services marketization, to ensure market-oriented reforms of public service can abide laws, to provide an excellent legal environment for market-oriented reforms; strengthen civic education and cultivate good citizens, to ensure market-orientedreformsof public service will be "people-oriented."... |
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