Operating Mechanism Of National Laboratories

In the world's scientific development, scientific center has changed for five times. During the period when the scientific centers stayed in a country, the types of the scientific organizations have advanced the country's scientific and technical development distinctly, therefore the types of organizations have attracted much attention. Around the World War II, the concept of"Big Science"has swept the globe. In order to confront the opportunity and challenge brought by the"Big Science Times", many countries began to establish their National Scientific Institutions. In these countries, the U.S., which took the form of National Laboratories, got the most outstanding achievements. By the turn of the century, The Department of Science and Technology investigated the Occident's scientific research system, and then initiated the concept of"Construction of Our Own National Laboratories". Since 2000, we have established 6 National Labs in succession. At the same time when these labs have scored achievements in their respective area, they are also being questioned. On the one hand, as a newborn thing, National Labs have not succeeded in finding thy ways of construction and development, which suits the state of our country. On the other hand, National Labs are supported by universities or Chinese Academy of Sciences, therefore, they have copied so much traditional scientific research organization mode from their support organizations.The study holds the philosophy that the establishment of the optimum mechanism relies on the optimum operation of institution system. Take institutions as the cut-in point, we investigated the operating mechanism of the Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, and tried to table some useful proposals, connecting with the practice. Firstly, we investigated and analyzed the management and operation of the American national labs. Secondly, we took"Government- University-Laboratory"as our logical masterstroke, connecting the formation and changes of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics'operating mechanism, using the Path Dependence Theory from historical institutionalism. We discussed the possible factors which induced the phenomenon of institution lock, from those three levels, and then tabled some proposals to problem solving. Lastly, under the guidance that national labs take scientific research as the core business, we emphatically discussed the construction of research and production institution of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics.