The Research Of Agriculture Secondary School And Education Reform In Rural Areas From 1949 To 1965 With Historical Perspective

Agricultural secondary school was founded in the late 50s of last century. During the period of the socialist construction and development of agricultural production and the period of the Great Leap Forward, the schools was implementing the "walking on two legs" policy, the importance of the Party committees at all levels was laid to strengthen leadership and support of the masses. The birth and development of agriculture secondary schools has set up a new approach for the universal development of the rural junior high school education, for the development of the rural vocational education and for the improvement the technical quality of the farmers, and for the promotion of agricultural production. As the fact that 80% of the population live in rural areas, it is of great significance to develop agricultural secondary school in the rural areas. At present, there still exist many problems in rural education, such as the shortage of funds, the irrational education structure which is detached from the reality of education in rural areas, the heavy education cost for the farmers, the lack of teachers in rural areas, quality of education and so on. People's view of education is behind the times. We should seize the opportunity to carry out comprehensive reform from all aspects to promote the development of rural education.The study is about the agricultural secondary school and the reform of agricultural education during the 1949-1965 based on searching the "People's Daily", "Xinhua Daily", "People's Education", "Red Flag" and other newspapers and literature. We seek to summarize experiences and lessons from the history of agricultural development model and try to offer references for the current education reform in rural areas.The paper includes four parts. Firstly, we have introduced the agriculture in rural areas before the establishment of secondary education reform movement, such as land reform and literacy campaigns, the education reform movement. Secondly, we have traced the history from 1949 to 1965, during this period the people's communes was founded. And the period of the Great Leap Forward was the direct cause of the rapid rise of agricultural middle school. Thirdly, we have described the characteristics of agricultural secondary schools, such as the management, curriculum, teacher, funding, school and other aspects of the basic situation. Fourthly, we have analyzed the agricultural development model of agricultural middle school, and we also have summarized the experiences and lessons for the current reference in the reform of rural education.