| In 21st century, China is entering an unprecedented leisure time. Leisure has become a popular way of life or quality of life; it can relieve physical fatigue, restore physical balance; and get solace, be a soul to rest. So in that sense, leisure will undoubtedly enhance people's quality of life, thus enhance happiness. Marital happiness and stability is an important part of happy life, it is source and cornerstone of personal and social well-being. Now it is suffering a serious challenge to the high divorce rate.According to data released by Ministry of Civil Affairs, China's divorce rate has been showing a trend continued to rise since 2002, it has become a social problem that can't be ignored, and it is driving of our happiness, and makes personal and social hurt. For this reason, many scholars and experts have begun to focus on divorce and marital stability research, and have made abundant achievements. But most of the researches on marital satisfaction or marital stability focus on infecting factors, belonging to the post-divorce research, rather than advance the prevention and control. Therefore, how to improve the husband or wife of marital satisfaction, and promote the stability of marriage, are becoming essential.Since leisure can enhance people's quality of life and happiness, can it promote the happiness of marriage; thereby increase marital satisfaction and stability? By combing the relevant literature at home and abroad, I found some foreign literature related to the relationship among couple leisure patterns, marital satisfaction, and stability. But most of the researches are descriptive; lack of a more systematic empirical investigation. In the few empirical papers, mainly represented by the Thomas B. Holman and Mary Jacquart (1988), Dunae W. Crawford et al (2002). In addition, research conclusions of the few empirical are very different, so people can't tell right or wrong. At home, the research related to the relationship among couple leisure patterns, marital satisfaction, and stability is very few, nearly is blank, only few words can found in the literature of family leisure. Considering influence of social and cultural on marital satisfaction and stability, research on marital satisfaction and stability must fully consider the social and cultural factors. This raises the motivation for writing this article.This article aims to explore the relationship among couple leisure patterns, marital satisfaction, and stability based on the reviewed related literature. A further study about the differences of marital satisfaction between husband and wife, which are affected by the same type of couple leisure patterns. The design of questionnaire is the important of this article, also difficulty it is.The first part is couple leisure patterns questionnaire design. Firstly, this study list a set of patterns of leisure activities, then choose some activities which is the most representative from each type, and then asked respondents to recall which activities to participate in the past year. How often they participate in these activities and how much they communicate and interact with their spouse. The level of communication and interaction with their spouse can be divided into three categories: no spouse involved (exclusive leisure pattern); together with their spouses but only have a little interaction or communication with the spouse (parallel leisure pattern); together with their spouses and have a lot of communication and interaction with the spouse (shared leisure pattern). Finally, figure up the times of all kinds of activities of each type, and plus the total number of times, then make out the ratio respectively, Use the three ratio to represent the three independent variables (exclusive leisure pattern, parallel pattern and shared leisure pattern).The second part is marital satisfaction questionnaire design, this part was adapted from the Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale (Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale, KMSS) (Schumm et al.,1986) on the basis of research of Licuishan, et al (2008). Respondents were asked about their spouse or their marriage, and their relationship with the spouse's satisfaction, respectively, then asked to choose the best answer which can show true feelings from "1 (very dissatisfied),2 (dissatisfied), 3 (a little dissatisfied),4 (general),5 (barely satisfactory),6 (satisfactory),7 (very satisfied)".The higher the score, the higher their marital satisfaction.The third part is marriage stability questionnaire design; this part was adapted from the marriage instability scale (Marital Instability Scale) (Booth, Johnson,& Edwards,1983) on the basis of research of Licuishan, et al (2008). Respondents were asked whether the marriage had plunged into difficulties; whether ever to have the idea of divorce; whether ever to have discussed with friends or relatives about divorce, whether his or her spouse ever to have raised a divorce, whether ever to have found a lawyer to discuss divorce cases. Then asked to choose the best answer from Likert four-point scale" 1 (now),2 (in the past three years),3 (once),4 (never)". The higher the score, the more stable their marriage is.The fourth part is the basic information questionnaire design, By combing the relevant literature of marital satisfaction and marital stability at home and abroad, identifying the key factors of individual statistical variables which influence marital satisfaction and marital stability, and then listed some of the main aspects as follows " family roles, age, education, occupation, personal monthly income, age of marriage and number of children, whether through divorce, etc".A total of 300 questionnaires,278 valid questionnaires were returned. Then used statistical descriptive analysis, reliability and validity analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis and path analysis to analyze the data, and the results are as follows:(1) Different type of couple leisure patterns will produce different marital satisfaction, the negative impact of exclusive couple leisure pattern on marital satisfaction has not been verified; the correlation between parallel couple leisure and marital satisfaction was not significant, a positive correlation between shared couple leisure patterns and marital satisfaction has been verified; a positive correlation between marital satisfaction and marital stability has been verified; (2) Hypothesis "the differences of marital satisfaction between the husband and the wife, which is affected by the same type of couple leisure patterns" has not been verified; Lastly, based on the survey of the relationship among couple leisure patterns, marital satisfaction, and stability, a series of conclusions drawn, and then pointed out that the conclusion and limitation of this study; and then made a number of proposals for the couple, government and community, leisure tourism and leisure entertainment industry. |
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