A Study On Temporal And Spatial Evolution Of ReBAM Based On Urbanization

With the rapid economic development of coastal cities,the level of urbanization was increasing and the demand to travel for urban residents was more and more strong. ReBAM tourism has become an important destination for a lot of people in their leisure time. This paper, from the perspective of China's fast urbanization, based on the system of ReBAM theory, taking a northern coastal city--Dalian as the object of the empirical research, discussed the development and the temporal and spatial evolution of ReBAM.By the questionnaire survey, the article analyzed characters of recreational activities inside ReBAM of Dalian residents, and divided the stages of ReBAM according to the rate of spots′growth. Based on above analysis, this paper took recreational landscape divide into four types—natural destination, cultural destination, artificial entertainment destination and sporting and recreational destination, and carved landscape into the degree of the first, the second and third by Sturges formula.By the statistics and survey, there were conclusions that kinds of sites around Dalian were all ready, and their qualities were excellent. The studies found that the spatial structure of ReBAM around Dalian was the'fan structure'that took central city zone as kernel, and made its external expand outwards according to the first, second and third clitellum. By observating the spatial distribution of tourism destinations, the author reached the following conclusions: building of landscape was basically consistent with distance attenuation laws. it was more and more manifest that coastal landscape inclined to shift to the inland hinterland with clitellums constantly expanding forth. To a certain extent, changes of the spatial distribution reflected the shift of coastal residents selecting travel destination—have turned around other types of travel destinations from familiar tourism destinations. While this study summarized laws from the spatial distribution of different types and ranks: most higher level of each type of sites lied in coastal areas, and the spatial distribution of other types of landscape was accord with distance attenuation laws except sporting recreational destinations.In accordance with the development stages of recreational landscape from 1990 to 2008, this paper divided the temporal and spatial evolution of ReBAM into four steps ,and drew the following conclusions: from the view of time dimension, Dalian ReBAM developed well, and from the view of space dimension, the distribution showed characteristics of widespread plus concentration. And on this basis, the paper analyzed temporal and spatial distribution of landscape with different types and grades. There were the following conclusions: natural destinations had the trend of expanding to the northern hinterland, and mainly distributed in Lvshun Port District and the second ring band before 1990. Most higher level of landscape lied in coastal areas, and there were higher level of landscape built in the third ring band during 2004-2008. Cultural destinations was generally low levels, and before 1995 concentrated in Lvshun Port District and Mountain Dahei Scenic Area in Jinzhou District, and to 2008 there were recreational landscape distributed in Changshan Islands and Jinshi Beach National Holiday Resort where the level of cultural landscape was higher. There were no artificial entertainment destinations built prior to 1990, and these destinations in which qualities were better had started to be constructed during the period 1996 to 2003. Sporting and recreational destinations generally were higher level, and concentrated in the northern hinterland before 1990, and to 2008 their developing focus shifted to Changshan Islands lied in the eastern sea regions.In summary, this paper contructed the machanism of ReBAM in Dalian by analyzing the temporal and spatial evolution. ReBAM in Dalian has formed the scale and showed a good developing trend. In order to realize sustainable development and rational planning of kinds of sites, the author suggested that we should promote greater efforts to enrich the connotation of tourism products and highlight their themes, create a mood of high-quality experience and maintain the nature of grassroots for rural recreational landscape, improve service quality and enhance environmental protection, and integrate recreational resources and develop unique tourism products with local culture and so on. Finally, we hoped that these efforts would improve Dalian tourism industry develop healthily and rapidly.