Study On Coupling Relationship Of Seaport Cluster In Shandong Peninsula Based On Symbiosis Theory

With the acceleration of world economic integration, the global trade increases more and more quickly. As the important part of modern transporting system and the key node of international trade, the seaport has a strategic significance to the development of national and regional economy. Under this situation, the mutual development of the adjacent seaports promotes the formation of regional seaport cluster. And the coordination degree decides the cluster's efficiency. So it is an eager demand of seaport industry's healthy growth that how to calculate the coordination degree of the seaport cluster and which mode should be applied to coordinate the operation of the seaports in the cluster.The study on seaport cluster's coupling is a study on seaports'relationship in fact, and a kind of quantitative analysis of seaport's competition intensity, cooperation depth and coordination degree. According to the research results of other scholars, this paper selected fourteen indexes which can influence the seaport's productivity, such as GDP, port throughput, tertiary industry rate, coastline length, etc; and according to the idea of enterprise's, this paper established an evaluation system of seaport cluster's coupling which conceives the input, the process and the output; when calculating the coupling rate of seaport cluster, applied the rough theory and information entropy to reduce index system, eliminate redundant relationship among indexes, and to get reasonable weight distribution; meanwhile, in order to guarantee the general of the indexes reduced, selected 25 seaports distributed in five clusters. After reduction of index system, five indexes were chose to be key order parameters to calculate the cluster's coupling degree.Shandong peninsula seaport cluster is one of the three clusters in Bohai rim. It contains most seaports of Shandong province. The cargo throughput of three billion-ton seaports in Peninsula cluster occupies 78 percent of the total amount of the whole province, and the container throughput of these seaports occupies 95 percent. Therefore, the coordinated development of peninsula seaport cluster can improve the whole competitiveness of the Shandong seaports and increase the social economy of Shandong province. So this paper chose coupling relationship of Shandong peninsula seaport cluster as the research object and mainly did the following work: firstly, introduced two concepts of seaport and seaport cluster and three theories of symbiosis , coupling and network organization; secondly, analyzed the present situations of Shandong social economy and Peninsula seaport cluster, and presented the strength, weakness, opportunity and threat of this cluster by SWOT method; thirdly, proved the necessity of coupling development among seaport cluster by symbioses theory, and calculate the coupling degree of this cluster using information entropy, rough theory and coupling theory, and analyzed the coupling result; Fourthly, discussed the network organization of peninsula seaport cluster and put forward some suggestions to advance the development of the coupling system of this cluster.