Research On Urban Migrant Worker's Willingness And Factors To Old-Age Insurance

As China's social system change, the pace of urbanization and modernization is accelerating. Reduction of arable land and the wide application of high-tech in agricultural production prompt an increasing number of rural surplus labors. They get out of the countryside to the city. On the one hand, it improves their economic situation and increases their knowledge. On the other hand, they make a great contribution to the construction and development of the city. Since the long-term dual household registration system makes farmers'situation embarrassed and makes them the marginalized people without guaranteed rights. There is a certain contradiction between the specialty of migrant workers groups and pension insurance system which become a barriers of the development of endowment insurance in China. This thesis with reference to a large number of existing research and on the basis of the perspective of willingness, from farmer's own characteristics and specific needs, through surveys and analysis of the survey data, explores the different characteristics of migrant workers willingness to participate in old-age insurance and the factors which influence it. This conclusions are as follows:First, at present, most migrant workers are willing to participate in the old-age insurance, but migrant workers with different characteristics are different in the level of their willingness.61.2% of migrant workers in the survey area are willing to participate. The ages of migrant workers, their personal financial situation, career and its liquidity are relevant to their willingness. That is the older the people are, the better their economic situation are, the more professional and mobile their jobs are, the more willing they are to participate in pension insurance.Second, although at present stage migrant workers have a higher willingness to participate, the actual insurance rate is not high, because the majority of migrant workers are not included in the pension system. If this phenomenon continues, a series of social problems will emerge with the aging era comes.Thirth, With the development of society, the traditional concept of raising a child for the elders'life reduces gradually. Most migrant workers are able to accept new pension ways, mainly in the way of their choices of living by themselves when they are old, and then the urban social pension insurance and the new rural social pension insurance, and the last but one is the other ways (relying on friends and family, etc.) and commercial insurance, and the last one is to rely on their children. Fourth, the factors influencing migrant workers'participation in old-age insurance are mainly in the following areas:The factors of the traditional cultural, their awareness of risk on pension, their knowledge about pension system and the pension system itself.Fifth, among all the factors, the irrational design of the pension system itself is a major one. Its irrationality are as follows:The contradiction between the expectations of migrant workers towards pension means and the existing ways; the contradiction between their low income and the high pension pay; the contradiction between the mobility of migrant workers with long years of the payment.In response to these findings, this thesis proposes the following recommendations:First, we should improve endowment insurance system for migrant workers as soon as possible and establish the pension insurance system which suits the migrant workers'needs; Second, step up publicity and increase migrant workers knowledge on the pension insurance to improve their enthusiasm in the insurance; Third, the government, enterprises and migrant workers should play their own positive role in solving the endowment insurance issues; Fourth, establish appropriate supporting mechanisms.