Study Of Land Use Change In The Eastern Part Along The Trans-Siberian Railway

The research of land use and cover change is an important issue for the globalchange study, in which land use change caused by human activities has become moreand more noticeable, especially the study of agriculture land and urban land-usechange. The Trans-Siberian Railway, an important transport route throughout Russia,has played a very important role in the development of Russia. Therefore, the study ofagriculture land and urban land use change due to human activity in the eastern partalong the Trans-Siberian Railway has an important ecological and social significanceto the Global Change Research, the development of Russia and the cooperationbetween China and Russia.In the eastern part along the Trans-Siberian Railway, the Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+images has selected as the main remote sensing data sources to map, combinedwith the global land cover data peoduced by the ESA with300m space resolution, aswell as Russia's statistics, Russian topographic maps, photoes taken in the field andother none remote sensing data sets. We have interpretted the distribution ofagriculture land and urban land in2005, and monitored the dynamic changes from the1970s to2005. Besides, we selected Blagoveshchensk, Khabarovsk and Vladivostokas the focus study area, monitoring the more details of the dynamic changes, and theneighboring cities in China (Heihe, Fuyuan, and Suifenhe) were compared to obtainthe dynamic change descripline between China and Russia. The main conclusionswere as follows.1. There are great diffenence in the distribution and the quantity between theMODIS and Globcover data sets, and to some extent, the Globcover data set is able tomeet to the quality demand of the agriculture land and urban land in the study area.Compared with the MODIS data sets, the Globcover data sets have morefragmentation significantly, and the overall accuracy was slightly lower than theMODIS data set. The precision of the different land types in the two date sets is of great difference, while the accuracy of the agriculture land and urban land in theGlobcover data set is slightly higher than the MODIS data set.2. The area of the agriculture land in the eastern part along the Trans-SiberianRailway in2005is somehow small, only3.44%of the entire study area and thedistribution is extremely uneven. The trend of the agriculture land change in the studyarea from the1970s to2005is that the agriculture land will increase, with many otherland use types change into agriculture land. The transition from other land use typesto the agriculture land covers the whole study area, mainly affected by humanactivities to cultivate. The transition from agriculture land into other land use types ismainly distributed in the area along the three rivers, mainly due to the impact ofurbanization, by the conversion of farmland to urban land.3. The area of the urban land in the eastern part along the Trans-SiberianRailway in2005is a little bit small, only0.14%of the entire study area, and unlikethe agriculture land, the distribution is relatively uniform, which mainly distributed inthe region along the traffic and the rivers. The trend of the urban land change in thestudy area from the1970s to2005is that the urban land expands, and other land usetypes change into urban land. The distribution of the transformation from other landuse types into urban land is of a wide range, throughout the study area. The changefrom urban land into other land use types is rare, mainly caused by need of the urbanplan and the waste of city, which is unique in Russia.4. There are great gap in the land use changes between the cities along theborder of China and Russia. Blagoveshchensk and Vladivostok have little agricultureland change, while there are relatively large change in Heihe and Fuyuan. The area ofthe urban land change in Blagoveshchensk, Vladivostok, Heihe and Fuyuan is of littledifference, while the ratio of change in the territory of China, Heihe and Fuyuan, islarger than the ones in the territory of Russia, Blagoveshchensk and Vladivostok. Theurban land use change in Khabarovsk is not huge, while the agriculture land change,compared to the urban land change, is a little larger. But when compared with Fuyuan,a huge gap appears. The area of the agriculture land and the urban land increaseenormous, in the number, which is almost10times of that in1975. The time period ofthe land use change in China and Russia are quite different.