Research And Application Of Inventory Decision Models For Electronic Components Distributors

With most of the companies facing fiercer and fiercer competition and fast changing marketing situations, the inventory control gradually become harder and harder. Inventory control affects company's cost, profit, market competence and customer service level, etc. As a result, how to efficiently manage inventory, and reasonably determine stock level has become a key task among company's normal operation.Basing on Chinese and abroad inventory decision-making theory and study, this thesis compares and summaries different inventory management modes, analyses the current stock management status and existing problem of electronic components distributors, raises a solution that inventory decision-making can be proceed from three key points——electronics components classification, prediction accuracy and inventory control model. It also sets up an optimized inventory decision-making model for electronic components distributor basing on the study of this kind of company W's example.Firstly, this thesis takes the characters of different electronic components into account, and sets up a stock material classification index system. It is divided in two levels, among which first level of index is composed of importance, scarcity and effectiveness of the materials. Second level index is composed of unit price, purchasing frequency, etc., which is listed under the first level. The company can select several key factors to subdivide the material. After detailed analysis, this thesis considers the original classification no longer suit for electronic components distributor's feature——complex types and demands hard to forecast, etc. It also brings forward a new classification method that proceeding level-3 classification by selecting several key indexes, such as electronic components attribute, vendor importance, sales sum and amount. Such classification result can reflect the relevant importance of material to the company's achievement more comprehensively.Secondly, after determination of inventory classification, aim at different kind of components, this thesis sets up a demand forecast model with time sequence forecast method by comparing the forecast accuracy of different forecast method. It selects and drafts the demand forecast algorithm and procedures which suit for electronic components distributors, regulate the demand forecast, and improve the accuracy of demand forecast.Basing on the classification model and demand forecast model, this thesis summaries the demand and purchasing feature of different level of material, sets up the managing decision and purchasing model of each material, studies the safety stork amount, re-order point, economic order amount, calculation method of total annual cost and detailed application model to improve the efficiency of inventory management.Finally, after establishment of three key models, this thesis reaches to the inventory decision-making system according to the inventory decision-making procedure. It is composed of database management module, system maintenance module, trouble-shooting module and inventory control module, within which inventory control module is core module, and is formed by material classification, demand forecast, and purchasing strategy. After appraisal and analysis of the result of above inventory decision-making model, it's proved to be capable of push the company to manage and control the inventory more efficiently, improve the customer service level, and also become one of the solutions for the inventory problems.Currently, most of the present theories of inventory decision-making and inventory control are focusing on the manufactory company, and there is little research in the key part of supply chain——distributer's inventory management decision-making and application, also there is even less research in the electronic components distributors. This thesis tries to combine the theory and actual application to improve the inventory control of this kind of company. Basing on the research of W company, it raises an optimized inventory decision-making model and brings forward several constructive managing strategies. It can be a good reference for the inventory control of other electronic components distributors, and also designs a reasonable inventory decision-making and control method for the W company.