A Study On The Transformation And Development Of Village-Region Collective Economy In The Yangtze River Delta

Exploring effective forms of collective economy and fostering new cooperative economic organizations of farmers are the important tasks which proposed by the 17th Session of the General Assembly and the Third Plenary Session of the 17th CPC Central Committee.Since the implementation of "two-level management system" of "the rural collective land ownership and the household contract management", collective unified management has gone through a tortuous process, its functions play uneffectively. In the level of decentralization, diseconomies of scale of the household contract management make farmers in a disadvantage place in the market competition. Therefore, we believe the effective development of village-region is a key to the rural collective economy. Consequently, this study will locked scope in the village-region collective economy, and try to classify it as the old-rural collective economy, share-hold collective economy and the new-rural collective economy, and take this as a framework for analysis and research.In the process of village-region industrialization, conversion, and rural modernization, Yangtze River Delta has toughly experienced the village merging, the reconstruction of the village in the urban, the property rights reform of collective economy, the change of the traditional mode of operation of collective economic, and the rapid growth of the new-collective economy at first, the implement methods of the effective development of the collective economy have appeared. Therefore, this study takes the Yangtze River Delta as the object and starts with empirical study by selecting 18 typical cases from this area. Based on it, this study summarizes the background, motivation, path, performance in the transformation and development of the village-region collective economy, and recommends policy scheme.The main points in this study are as follows:1) Village-region collective economy contains the community cooperative economy which is owned by all communities in the village, and the new professional collective economy which is possessed by some of the communities.2) In the transformation and development of village-region economy, village-region collective economy plays an important role. In the two-level management system, the microeconomic units in the rural stand like the legs of a tripod and affect each other. The relationship among them is:rural household economy is a foundation; collective economy is an indemnification; the newly developing economy is the most important.3) Since the founding of new China, the village-region collective economy had gone through the mutual aid groups-elementary-senior community-commune-household contract management system, and the process synchronization, the function and institution of the collective economy changed with it.4) Three different types of village-region collective economy has a certain level of development, old-rural collective economy developed slowly, share-hold collective economy and the new-rural collective economy develop rapid and greatly enhance the core competitiveness, and become the leader for the development of the well-developed village.5) Transformation and development of the village-region collective economy improve strength of collective economy, ensure the supply of the living services and public goods supply for rural community residents, and become an important support in rural community public service supply in the future.6) The article also sums up the general theory of the transformation and development of the village-region collective economy and conclude the following opinions:two-level management system is a starting point or initial conditions for the transformation and development of village-region collective economy; the abundant resources and strong collective assets are the external conditions; village elites and entrepreneurial farmers within the village are the most important driving force, policy support is the protection.7) The transformation and development of the village-region are still in the rapidly changing trends, so we need to put forward policies and measures on property rights reform and development to ensure their smooth transition and sustainable development.The innovations of this study are:a trial to classify village-region collective economy and to build the study framework of village-region collective economy; tentatively summed up the general theory in the transformation and development. Shortcomings are:sample selection still has some limitations, and the conclusions may have limitations.