Study On The Farmers Bank Of Jiangsu Before Anti-Japanese War(1928-1937)

During the Nanjing national government period, the Farmers Bank of Jiangsu is the only official agricultural bank in the Jiangsu province. From1920s to1930s, to comply with the Jiangsu province' agricultural development trends and consolidate the new regime, the Jiangsu government and people in the party paid attention to promoting the rural cooperation movement and planed to construct the Farmers Bank of Jiangsu,whose fund comes from the collect of twenty cents acres donated unfinished in Jiangsu province during Sun Chuanfang era,"aimed at mitigating agricultural formers' in trouble". Therefore, it opens a new chapter in the development of The rural finance in Jiangsu province. Shortly thereafter, new construction of agricultural finance in the nationwide are fully under way.So far, there are still short of research on development and business conditions of the Farmers Bank of Jiangsu province under this background. The book on its role in the agricultural development of Jiangsu province is also few.Therefore, in this paper I use theories about history, rural finance, institutional change, combined with the contemporary literature, to study the Farmers Bank of Jiangsu province in the pre-war development and business activities. From this,we can find the relationship between the behavior of government,the Farmers Bank of Jiangsu,and the rural economy of Jiangsu province.The Farmers Bank of Jiangsu province was formally established in1928, with its historical inevitability and importance. Since the Republic of China, Jiangsu economic development and modernization degree is always leading the national, so the province's rural financial situation is relatively better than other provinces. But with the effect of the warlordism, banditry and natural disaster, Jiangsu province country economy had gradually deteriorated, leading to the rural financial disorder and lagging. The original rural financial institutions such as native bank, pawn, the united society in this period began to decline. On the other hand, since the early20th century, continued commercialization trend occurred for agriculture development in Jiangsu province, especially after World War Ⅰ, modern industry and commerce in this region appears in great quantities, speed up the pace of commercialization of Jiangsu province rural, which in turn stimulated the reform of rural financial system and demand for funds. At this time, to meet the development of rural cooperative causes, the Farmers Bank of Jiangsu province under strong support of the government began on the rural financial stage.This paper mainly focuses on the Farmers Bank of Jiangsu province's construction and development, institutional change and innovation of business and so on.Through these studies, we can have a in-depth understanding of its development state, as well as how to adjust system timely during the development process,according to the business and management requires, so as to gradually realize the modernization of organizational system, and form a relatively perfect modern commercial bank system.This mechanism is to some extent to avoid defects effectively of the "government bank" unique management system; the Farmers Bank of Jiangsu province's main business includes deposits and savings, loans, trust, intermediate business,etc.The main business is agricultural loans (young crop loans and storage loans),which can increase the province's rural financial supply and promote a new rural financial order.For general commercial banks, Deposits and savings business is an important business,however, as a professional agricultural bank' deposits, its main sources are from farmer and rural cooperatives deposit, so its size is relatively small, despite all this, the bank succeed in expanding the mount of deposits and savings through a variety of savings products' development and innovation, which make it possible to increase agricultural loans further; Trust business starts later, but develops very fast, it basically is accompanied by the agricultural marketing service development and gradually developed; Intermediate business, is in addition to general business include deposit and withdrawal mainly to exchange,through this business,the bank build effective communication between the rural and urban financial links, in addition, the bank also successfully developed and popularized credit documentary certificate products, providing much convenience for the mainland procurement and sales.The Farmers Bank of Jiangsu province from the rise to the outbreak of war before, its activities and effectiveness, to a large extent had a positive impact on development of rural economy in Jiangsu province.Its outlets throughout the province and much capital,provided funding for the development of rural cooperative cause, effectively stimulated the establishment of new rural financial institution.In short, the bank of all business aimed at helping the farmers in Jiangsu province, the development of the rural economy,in other word,as the "real" farmers bank in Jiangsu province.