Research On The Institutional Path To China's Agricultural Modernization

Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy, and agricultural modernization is the basis of that of national economy. China as a developing country with vast population and limited farmland has typically dual conomic structure feature.How to fundamentally convert traditional agriculture to modern agriculture with rapid industrialization,not only relates to the sustainable development of agricultural economy, farmer income growth and the fundamental stability of the rural situation,but to socialist harmonious society construction and the peaceful rise of China. Compared to industrialization, China`s agricultural modernization is so slow and has no fundamental change so far,though it has started,that the agriculture support to new industrialization has been close to the limit,and the situation must be transformed. There are many paths to the transformation,but the principal is institutional innovation ,because progress in agricultural science and technology is only viewed as derivative and derived products of institutional innovation and system modernization constitutes the fundamental explanatory variables of technology modernization.Only from system level can we find out deep obstacles of China`s agricultural modernization ,and find a development path ,which fits China's national conditions and draws on the successful experiences of developed countries. Now and then we think that relatively average land system is highly necessary to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas and prevent over-development of urbanization in the agricultural modernization initial stage. With the modernization in-depth,it is needed to take measures to concentrate and transfer land to achieve the appropriate scale of land when necessary. At this stage,developed capitalist countries have obvious advantage of private land ownership with explicit,complete and steady property rights. The radical system barriers of China`s agricultural modernization are in that farmers` microeconomic main body of market economy is weakened,and that rural-urban economic and social system is separated,which two in essence can be viewed as rural-urban one country-two systems another sense. The system,which also can be viewed as a path dependency of the planned economy ,constitutes the deep trap of development of China`s agricultural modernization.So one development revolution is needed to leap out of the trap.The basic system path to eliminate the path dependence and complete revolution in agricultural development lies in the following three aspects.First, accomplish appropriate scale of production and management as soon as possible,based on pareto improvement on resource allocation efficiency and the development appeals for agriculture organization modernization; second, accomplish reasonable subjectification of the farmland property right as soon as possible,based on the deep inspiration of coase theorem and on universal law of agricultural modernization surge;third, moderately speed up the process of urban development in China,based on the elimination of rural-urban one country-two systems and the development needs of human resources optimal allocation.Only in this way can we propel agricultural modernization rapidly through institutional modernization. Although transformation of government functions plays an important part in China`s agricultural modernization,the thesis only discusses the issue from the three system paths above , space limited,and transformation of government functions will be an important part of personal follow-up study.