Farmers’ Willingness To Protect The Ecological Value Of Farmland And Acceptance Of Its Compensations From Local Government:Based On An Investigation Of Farmers

Farmland is not only the important material basis for human survival and development; it’s also the important habitat and biological barrier. As a man-made and natural system farmland ecological system which includes the cultivated soil、the attached to the land plant、animals and microbial and so on is an important part of ecosystem and the indispensable participation factor in human economic activities. The stable and balance farmland ecological environment, which decides the implementation of security of human basic needs, plays a very important role in solving the population, commissariat, resources, energy and the environment problem that the human are facing. However, the rapid urbanization, the constant improvement of multiple cropping indexes of farmland and the fast growing using of chemical fertilizer and pesticide accelerate the amount reducing and quality declining of farmland and the deterioration of the ecological environment at the present. Though we have been executing the strictest farmland protection, we have stressed more on the protection of the area of farmland, output level and ignored the repair of ecological imbalance problems that have existed. The system and regulations of cultivated land ecological compensation on the national level have not yet introduced and the local compensation system is still in the exploratory phase of the pilot. As the original participants of the production of farmland and protection activities, when facing the uncertainty market risks, farmers tend more to choose the management strategy which can protect the survival and bring continuous income. Compared with other income, farmers can not get economic compensation as so much from the compensation of ecological protection of cultivated land, but it is of great significance for them. As firstly it can satisfy the willingness of farmers to accept compensation, and then provide a stable income channel for the family, so that it can encourage farmers’participation in the ecological protection of cultivated land. So it can effectively protect farmland ecological without reducing and achieve the protection and improvement of ecological environment of farmland when emphasizing the participation of farmers in the ecological protection of cultivated land and the ecological compensation based on households farmland.This paper is based on the analysis of the land use characteristics of Jingyan County and the predicament of cultivated land ecological protection, and combined with the research of regional household survey data. According to the assumed chemical fertilizer and pesticide use limitation condition, it analyses the investigated farmers’willingness to participate in ecological protection of cultivated land and calculate the accepted farmland ecological compensation and market value price; and it also analyses the factors of different accepted compensation of farmers’willingness with the help of a multiple linear regression model; and then it evaluates the ecological function values of Jingyan County farmland in theory to judge the rationality of the compensation of farmers’ willingness; at last, it tries to develop a farmland ecological compensation based on farmers’ willingness.The article main research conclusion:(1) That the investigated farmers’knowledge on the use rule of chemical fertilizer and pesticide is poor and they lack the effective ways to know it is extremely adverse on ecological protection of cultivated land. People know little about the protection policy of farmland, and they have the gradually degraded consciousness on rural environment, but they are not clear about the connotation and behavior of farmland ecological protection; investigated farmers are willing to add the application rate of chemical fertilizer and pesticide when there are external economies benefits, not only doesn’t it help to improve farmers’initiative to protect farmland ecological environment, but also accelerates the degeneration of farmland ecological environment.(2) Farmers’knowledge on each service function of farmland is limited and awareness of farmland ecological protection responsibility is confusion; when talking about the protection responsibility, investigated farmers think all the people and the government should take the main responsibility, they also lack the subjective intention of farmland ecological protection. The main reason of farmers’low initiative participation in farmland ecological protection is the lack of compensation for the income reducing when people choose to participate in the protection of farmland ecological and farmers are short of farmland ecological service function cognitive.(3) Among several farmland ecological compensation ways, what farmers wanted most is the cash compensation, and then is the policy compensation which farmers wanted most are still the allowance and support to agriculture. Under different fertilizer and pesticide use restricted conditions, the amount of farmers’desire to compensation appears differently. Annual direct compensation investigated farmers wanted is250-500Yuan/mu, which is48.77-96.75%of net income per mu cultivated land; the average theoretical value of farmland ecological service is290-508.84Yuan/mu every year in Jingyan County, which shows that there is reference value on farmers’u cultivated land compensation. Farmers’ accepted rice market value price is1.5-2.63Yuan/kg, which is64.66-113.36%of the current rice market price.(4) Through the multiple linear regression analysis model of Spss11.0, it concludes that the factors causing different compensation mainly include family scale, gender, age, education, family income, family agriculture income and contract farmland area, various influencing factors are incomplete and consistent.(5) After the implementation of ecological protection of cultivated land compensation, it can improve farmers’initiative in cultivated land ecological protection of in a certain extent. By setting the hypothetical questions from government about farmers’participation to protect the ecological value of farmland, when taking compensation measures, farmers’ willing to protect farmland ecological increases from26.9%to72.65%, while farmers’ unwilling to protect farmland ecological decreased from63.46%tol8.75%. With the encouragement of government compensation incentive, farmers’consciousness to protect farmland ecological has been greatly enhanced.