The Impact Of Floods And Droughts Of Temporal And Spatial Distribution In The Ming Dynasty In Hubei Province

The natural disasters occured frequently in Hubei Province of Ming Dynasty. Among all the natural disasters, floods and droughts are the most frequently, extensive and the greatest impact. On the basis of floods and droughts data collected, the article uesd ArcGis and Excel software to analyze of the impact of floods and droughts of time characteristic and spatial distribution in the Ming Dynasty in Hubei Province, in order to obtain some revelation and reference to reduction and prevention disaster in today’s Hubei. The conclusions are all follows:The temporal feature:The characteristics of temporal distribution are floods and droughts occur mainly in summer and autumn, especially in summer in Ming Dynasty in Hubei Province and the floods occurred more than droughts in summer; In the view of month, floods and droughts mainly concentrated on May to July months; floods often occurred together with droughts in summer, and they are often occurred across the season, include spring and summer and summer and autumn, and the droughts are more than the floods; from the inter-annual change of view, high frequency of occurrence of floods and droughts in Hubei Province of Ming Dynasty,and the general trend is rising, Since1520has maintained a high level; The floods and droughts are occurred in successive years frequently, especially in the mid-late of Ming Dynasty; From the Distribution of the dynastic point of view, the occurrence of floods and droughts are concentrate on orthodox, Masanori Khanh, apocalypse, while the Hongwu and Yongle are lower; The affected scope of every dynasty showing upward trend and the scope of the impact of floods and droughts is expanding.The spatial distribution of characteristics:the Wuchang Prefecture and the Chengtian Prefecture are the highest frequency of floods and droughts. From the overall geographic distribution characteristics researched, we find that the Flood and Drought Disasters distribution is highly concentrated in Hubei at the Ming Dynasty. Disasters are highly concentrated in the Jianghan Plain original and southeastern Hubei Province, Jingjiang River and Hanjiang River coast is less than that. The frequency of floods and droughts are the most weakness in northwest and western of Hubei province.Jingzhou Prefecture and Wuchang Prefecture are the highest of frequency in drought. In general, the droughts are the most frequent in the northeast and eastern of Hubei, the more frequent is Jianghan Plain and the northwest of Hubei is least in droughts. Dean and Huangzhou Prefecture are the highest of frequency in floods. Compare the number of floods and droughts in all the prefectures, found that the floods are more than droughts inTianfu Prefecture, Jingzhou Prefecture, Wuchang Prefecture, the xiangyang Prefecture and Yunyang Prefecture; the droughts are more than floods in Dean Prefectur and Huangzhou Prefecture. Especially, they are the more frequent than droughts. From the level of flood and drought disasters, the most severe drought disasters are distributed in Wuchang Prefecture, De an Prefecture and Huangzhou Prefecture; the most severe floods disasters are distributed in Chengtian Prefecture, wuchang Prefecture and Huangzhou Prefecture.From the impact of floods and droughts disasters researched, we find that the severe floods and droughts were made that the population is drastically reduced in Hubei Province in Ming Dynasty, causing the large-scale population migration; leading the reduction of arable land, food production and the food prices rose sharply; water disputes caused local conflicts, a large number of hungry people displaced exacerbate social unrest and anxiety. Frequent floods and droughts caused Chu developed a typical social customs called "not saved."...