Environmental Impact Assessment And Compratative Studies On Industrialized House And Traditional House Construction

In order to alleviate the conflicts about the shortage of energy, minerals, water,land and other resources, break the labor-intensive bottleneck of building industry, theChinese government has promoted the development of housing industrialization since1999. In recent years, driven by related policies and the establishment ofIndustrialization Demonstration Bases, the development of housing industrialization inChina has made some initial progress, especially in the studies of structural reliability,quality and safety control, as well as standardization system. However, the study ofenvironment impact on industrialized house construction is still insufficient. Whereasall these mentioned, it is necessary to start the study on the environment impactassessment of industrialized house to find out the advantages and disadvantages ofindustrialized building model in the resources and energy conservation as well asprotection ecological environment through field investigation.Based on one industrialization demonstration project in Beijing, this paper choosestwo residential projects that have the similar scales and same housing type whichconstructed using the two different patterns above by the same construction relatedparties as investigation objects. Starting with collecting environmental date at theprocesses of prefabricated components production, construction and equipmentinstallation as well as building exterior decoration of typical floors at the same storyheight, the environmental performance assessment is categorized into three aspects:resources depletion, energy consumption and construction waste production. Acomparative analysis with traditional construction model is also performed todemonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of industrialized construction model inenergy saving and emission reduction.Based on theory of life cycle assessment(LCA), this paper characterized theenvironment basic date of housing construction into three aspects——resourcesconsumption, ecological destruction and health damage according to the BuildingEnvironmental Performance Analysis System(BEPAS) and the Building Health ImpactAnalysisSystem (BHIAS) that were developed by our research group. The socialwillingness to pay (WTP) method is applied to make the weighted assessment of the various types of environmental impact. The weighting system is updated according tothe latest environmental pollution tax standard and management costs. Thecomprehensive environmental benefits and the comparative analysis and conclusion ofUnit square meters for industrialized house and traditional house are calculated. In themeantime, on the basis of inventory analysis, contribution rates to policyobjective ofindustrialized house and traditional house are figured out by using the distance-to-targetmethod. The weight of the evaluation system is based on the planning indices made in12th Five-year Plan of Beijing and the environmental impact comparative analysis isrepresented in resources consumption, ecological destruction and health damage.Based on field investigation, this paper studies the environment impact advantagesand disadvantages in the construction processes of industrialized house and traditionalhouse, and puts forward some specific recommendations for improvements. I hope thisstudy can provide a scientific foundation for further research and offer objective andscientific basis for related policies making and promote the development of housingindustrialization in China.