The Research On Dyeing Behavior And Technology Of The Kapok Fiber

Kapok fiber is a kind of single fruitfibre, adhered to the inner nut shell of kapok fiber,and widely produced in subtropical areas. Kapok fiber are natural and environmentalprotection fiber, because of excellent characteristics of unique structure of thin-wall andlarge-hollow, light-quality, water-repellent, and oil adsorption. They are the small varietiesnatural fiber of development inadequacy. It is very necessary to research and develop thekapok fiber having unique properties, because more and more scarce of oil resources andmore and more attention on ecological environment protection. Short-length, low-strength,poor-cohesion and short of flexibility have caused the kapok fiber hard to spinningindividually. These disadvantages have restricted the kapok fiber to use and develop inaspects of textile and clothing. But there is on doubt that the kapok fiber is the new ecologytextile material with potential and wide application prospect. Because the kapok fiber hasmany good qualities and now people advocate natural, pursuit of green and ecologicalenvironment. At present, warm underwear of excellent warm performance has beingproduced with kapok fiber. There are some problems of dyeing and finishing in the processof exploitation and utilization. The main problems may be fewer usable dye (just for directdyes), lower dye uptake rate, poorer levelness, and so on. It is possible that the kapok fibercontain lower fiber content, compared with cotton fiber. And there are specialmorphological structure and supramolecular structure of kapok fiber, causing terribledyeing and unsatisfactory levelness and color fastness.This topic research on dyeing behavior of kapok fiber at first, doing basic basis forimproving the kapok fiber dyeing behavior.Secondly, there are using cationic modification methods and mordant dyeing with rareearth to improve the kapok fiber dyeing behavior.(1) The kapok fiber is treated with cationic modifier SA, to improve dyeing of the dye molecules. Study the process condition of cationic modification how to influence the dyemolecules dyeing kapok fiber. And the dyeing behavior of cationic modified kapok fiber isalso been studied. Experiments show that cationic modified kapok fiber having betterdyeing behavior is treated with the process condition of cationic modification: cationicmodifier SA8%(o.w.f.), pH=12, modification temperature75℃and modification time45min. The better dyeing process condition for cationic modified kapok fiber is that dyeconcentration2%(o.w.f.), electrolyte sodium chloride20g/l, dyeing temperature60℃,adding alkali agent sodium carbonate10g/l for solid color60min after30min.(2) Add dyeing mordant of rare earth into the dyeing of the kapok fiber, screen thebetter dyeing mordant, and discuss conditions of mordant and dyeing how to influence thedyeing behavior of kapok fiber. Experiments showed that the dyeing effect is better whenadding the mordant into dyeing, especially using dyeing mordant of rare earth complexedwith citric acid (rare earth: citric acid=1:1). The better dyeing process condition for betterdyeing effect is that dyeing mordant0.8%(o.w.f.), dye concentration2%(o.w.f.),electrolyte sodium chloride10g/l, dyeing temperature60℃, adding alkali agent sodiumcarbonate10g/l for solid color60min after30min.