The Highway Engineering Project Environment Impact Assessment Index System And The Comprehensive Evaluation Model

According to the needs of Chinese special period and development planning,"The Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period is Critical period of development, Implement the scientific outlook on Development and Heavy to carry out the scientific development of this theme is carried out "enrich the people" policy is the top view,meanwhile, the development of highway has also been in a brand-new historical period. Highlighted in such documents as "the Twelfth Five-Year Plan of highway and transportation","China’s Agenda of21st Century","The Twelfth Five-Year Plan of National Economic and Social Development", the strategies of highway development should be scientific and sustainable, and to ensure a sustainable development in environments has a special importance during the period of highway construction and operation. Because of the actual situation in our country and the special period of highway development, the significance of the environmental impact assessments of the highway engineering projects has become more and more prominent. With lots of reference to extensive literature and consideration of the specialty and complexity of highway engineering projects, this article proposes a more mature index system of highway environmental impact assessments, which is based on the analysis and summary of many environmental impact assessment instances, and exemplified by the national key highway project, Qingdao-Hongqilapu (Mazhan-Laiwu). This system comprehensively assesses all the potential impact factors and types in every phase of the engineering project, and it has abandoned the disadvantages of the previous systems, which are subjective, not operational, and the theoretical argumentations are not full and accurate. The research procedures are as follows:1. Selection of appraisal targets:a comprehensive analysis has been given to all the potential environmental impact factors along the highway in every period and every part of the projects, which include the social, ecological, and natural landscape environments, such as atmosphere environments, surface water environments, landscape environments, and acoustic environments. Selection principles:it can provide all the assessing information needed; it should be concise, representative, independent, and feasible; it provides the assessing system with comprehensive, detailed, and accurate fundamental data by means of investigation, experience, and interviewing experts.2. Definitude of assessing methods and principles:after a profound study on the assessing objectives, the assessing methods was ascertained, weight sets were formed, mathematical models were constructed, and quantitative analysis was applied by the multi-level fuzzy synthetical evaluation and AHP.3. Apply the synthetical evaluation method to the project of Qingdao-Hongqilapu (Mazhan-Laiwu) Highway, verify the quantitative model, and propose all possible effective measures to minimize the environmental impacts of highway engineering projects.