| Urban comprehensive parks are important components of human settlement environment. Today the theory on landscape construction of the Comprehensive Park is maturing but on the evaluation is still in beginning stages. Since the fuzzy value of Comprehensive Park landscape, this article from the scientific and practical point of view explores a suit of theory and method of landscape evaluation for the urban Comprehensive Park based on the theory of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation. The model was used to evaluate landscape of three comprehensive parks in Changchun city, in order to provide the basis and reference to Comprehensive Park plan design and renovation work.Concepts of landscape and landscape evaluation are analyzed and studied. Research object and purpose are identified and three basic aspect of the modern comprehensive evaluation are summarized:selection of evaluation method and model, construction of evaluation index system and confirm the weight of evaluation indicators. Basic ideas of "portfolio evaluation","evaluation group" and "layered evaluation" are determined. Based on the theory of fuzzy mathematics, a classification model for urban Comprehensive Park landscape evaluation was proposed by using Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation method and meaning of evaluation reviews and level parameter sets are given. Since the subjectivity and liberty of method in confirm the indicator weight of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation, theory of Analytic Hierarchy Process was ensured in order to confirm the weight of landscape evaluation indicators of urban Comprehensive Park. Demarcation method of AHP was studied and "5/5-9/1" scales value was brought to use. In order to evaluate landscape of urban Comprehensive Park scientifically, landscape elements of the Comprehensive Park were analyzed by using the landscape theory about three elements. Landscape evaluation indicators were chosen preliminarily from three aspects-aesthetics, ecological environment and function, and were filtered and optimized by probability statistics analyzing survey data and using weighted selected rate to experts and the public. Landscape evaluation indicator system for the urban Comprehensive Park was constructed, which could provide base for landscape evaluation. Landscape evaluation indicator system for Comprehensive Park in Changchun city was constructed according to features. The system includes4levels,3factors of rule layer,11factors of Index layer C and26indicators. Based on expert advice and statistical analysis of survey data, weight of landscape evaluation indicators of urban Comprehensive Park in Changchun city was confirmed by building the judgment matrix according Analytic Hierarchy Process. Results of the weight show the relative importance of factors to Comprehensive Park landscape quality, which can provide the basis and reference to comprehensive Park plan design and renovation work in Changchun City. At last three comprehensive parks in Changchun city evaluated by the theory and method discussed in the article. Results show that: comprehensive evaluation of Nanhu Park is the best; functional and ecological evaluation of Nanhu Park is higher than others; aesthetic evaluation of Changchun Park is the highest. Based on the result advantage and disadvantage of each park were analysed and advice of optimize for landscape was brought. The result was consistent with the actual, which proves the science of method of landscape evaluation for the urban Comprehensive Park based on the theory of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation. All of these provide approaches and methods for landscape evaluation of urban Comprehensive Park. |
PDF Full Text Request