Research On The Landscape Evaluation Of Fuzhou Comprehensive Parks

As a large green space in the city, urban comprehensive park is an important field for residents daily entertainment activities and is also an important part of the urban human settlements environment. In recent years, with the development of urban construction and social economy, the life style and activities with people’s values have also been changed a lot, the construction of urban comprehensive park have naturally been high hopes consequently. The landscape evaluation for comprehensive park would contribute to improving the public service level, satisfying the functional requirements, creating more high quality landscape effect, providing a reference for the landscape construction of city parks and accumulating experience in the future.Based on the theoretical review of the city park and domestic and foreign relevant theory of landscape evaluation, the paper used the method of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) to establish a landscape evaluation model for urban comprehensive park by selecting indicators from the environment overall quality, planting landscape, space layout, public facilities, the park management five aspects and combined with SPSS statistics software to analyze and evaluate the survey data from the west lake park, Zuohai park and Wenquan park. The major research results are as follows:(1)On the basis of the comparison judgment matrix for experts assignment, the paper calculated the evaluation index weight value with the help of yaahp’s group decision-making function. The results showed that the environment overall quality is the most important factor in the criterion layer indicators of the evaluation structure model, accounted for26.62%of total weight value, planting landscape, space layout, public facilities, park management respectively in turn. In the index layer within20items of evaluation factors, these factors including air quality, the level richness of plant landscape, the microclimate, the cleanness of water quality and the rest facilities weight value are higher, accounted for more than0.06for the target layer weight and the summation of their weight is0.3394, reaching about1/3level of the total weight.(2)Through the questionnaire survey method to analyze the usage of park visitors, the results showed that the main purpose of visitors to the parks is given priority to pastime, followed by exercise in the three comprehensive parks of Fuzhou and people are more willing to come to parks with companions including family or friends and colleagues commonly. Meanwhile the visitors of different ages perform relatively consistent on the choice of park residence time, they are more willing to spend more than one hour time in the park for activities, but show some differences on the use frequency of parks in different ages, young people are at low frequency to the parks, and the frequency for the elderly is higher, especially the elderly population aged over55performed significantly.(3)Based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, the results revealed that:Currently, the public recognition of the three comprehensive parks is well, the park landscape evaluation score for each one is higher than3.5, belong to the E2level and all kinds of criterion layer index elements of the three parks reach E2level in the secondary level evaluation. The comprehensive score of the west lake park is higher than that of the other two parks, while the park management indicator of Zuohai park performs better and Wenquan park scores higher on the indicator of public facilities. Statistics summary from the three parks as a whole, most indicators scores in the index layer fall within the range of3.5above to reach a good level, but the cleanness of water quality and tour information facilities two index score below3.5, belong to the average level. Furthermore, more than half of all indicators scores in better level are in3.5-4.0interval at the end interval of the level range indicates that the parks still have a lot of room for improvement.Based on the comprehensive survey data analysis, the study gave optimization suggestions such as paying attention to the cultural connotation and the exchange between tourists and landscape, strengthening the construction of natural landscape, paying attention to space diversity, improving facilities and strengthening the management of the park, which could be helpful to the landscape construction and renovation of Fuzhou comprehensive parks.