Study On Preparation And Property Of Composite Materials With The Expansion Perlite And Phenol-formaldehyde Resin

Composite insulation materials are composite of two or more insulation materials, including inorganic and organic insulation materials, which have enhanced performance. Taking advantages of the abundant perlite resources in Xinyang, the expanded perlite and the phenol-formaldchyde resin were used as the primary starting materials to prepare composite insulation materials through thermo-compression formation, with additions of curing agent, toughening agent and abomination agent. The research works include the following contents:(1) Optimization of the proportion and the compression ratio of the primary starting materials.(2) Under the certain compression ratio and dosage of phenol-formaldchyde resin, the preparation conditions including thermo-compression temperature, the pressing time, and the curing agent content were investigated by the single test factor method. The factors of preparation conditions were initially established.(3) Based on the results of single factor experiment, orthogonal experiment was carried out to optimize the preparation conditions, and select the best combination of parameters. The interaction effects of the thermo-compression temperature, the pressing time and the curing agent content were explored. The preparation conditions were investigated by means of visual analysis and variance analysis. The results showed that the properties of composite insulation materials are primarily determined by the thermo-compression temperature and the curing agent content.(4) Properties were tested and characterized, including physical properties (apparent density, thermal conductivity and water absorption), mechanical property (compressive strength, rupture strength, modulus of elasticity and impact resistance) and microstructure of the composite materials.(5) Based on the results of orthogonal test, we optimized the toughness and water absorption of the composite materials with moderate toughening agent and abomination agent.Favorable performance of the composite materials can be achieved through optimized preparation conditions, with the compression ratio of2.0, the phenol-formaldchyde resin content of40%, the thermo-compression temperature of240℃, the pressing time of1.5h, the curing agent content (the hexamethylenetramine) of4%, the toughening agent(the fiber) of2%, the abomination agent(BS1042) of0.6%. Under the optimized conditions, the apparent density was332.4kg/m3, the thermal conductivity was0.047W/(m-K), the compressive strength was1.436MPa, rupture strength was1.652MPa, modulus of elasticity was2.496MPa, the impact resistance was147.26kJ/m2and the water absorption was2.03%.The new type of composite insulation materials not only overcome the high thermal conductivity of the inorganic insulation material, but also makes up the poor fire prevention and aging resistance of the organic insulation material. It has promising value for practical applications.