Studies On Cultivar Selection And Large-scale Cultivation Technology Of Chinese Traditional Potted Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemum(Chrysanthemum×morifolium Ramat.) is one of the traditional flowers in China since ancient times. With them peculiar morphology and brilliant colors, Chrysanthemum are very popular. As the germplasm resources center of Chrysanthemum, China has a large number of cultivars, however, rare of them have intellectual property rights and can be used to large-scale production of potted chrysanthemums. The traits of potted chrysanthemum will chang in different cultural environment and by different ways of planting. Therefore, the effects of the main environmental factors and cultural practices on chrysanthemum ornamental traits were studied, in order to popularize the traditional chrysanthemum cultivars, and provide technical guidance of industrialized production to the domestic chrysanthemum enterprise.Based on investigation of more than800chrysanthemum cultivars in the Beijing, pot-culture experiments were conducted to observe19indexes of32traditional potted chrysanthemum cultivars. A comprehensive evaluation system was established by using AHP method, which considers the ornamental traits, variety resistance and cultivation process. Seven suitable chrysanthemum cultivars were selected for large-scale production. This study will provide a reasonable exploitation of precious traditional chrysanthemum resources.27typical Chinese Traditional Potted Chrysanthemum cultivars were selected as experiment materials. Variations of Major Characters among them in different seasons were studied. The result showed that:different seasons influenced the plant height, stalk length, flower high, internode length and leaf number. These characters can be used to classify the varieties. United variance analysis of the major ornamental traits of cultivars in different seasons showed that:the length of flowers and leaves were influenced by genotypes, not by the external environmental factors.The ornamental traits of chrysanthemum were much influenced by fertilizer. Under different fertilization treatments, plant height, flower diameter and number of tube-shaped flowers, leaf area, chlorophyll content, and colors were significantly different. Based on the comprehensive Evaluation, applying nitrogen fertilizer during vegetative growth phase, applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizer during flower bud differentiation period,600ml/per plant every five days, was the best method.The results of spraying plant growth regulators showed that6-BA and KT have significant effect on plant height, stem diameter, internode length, leaf area, florescence. Within a certain range, plant height increased with the increase of6-BA and KT concentration, but too high concentration of growth regulators would inhibit the growth of plants.5mg/L6-BA or30mg/L KT was the optimal treatment of improving the ornamental quality of chrysanthemum.Elaborately cultivation technology and management has always been the focus of the chrysanthemum cultivation, cultivation experiments showed that:After replacing terminal bud, cultivars became more orderliness and halenessthe, the flowering period of them was concentrated. Therefore, replacing terminal bud was recommended to control the population flowering time in industrial production. A large-scale cultivation technology of potted chrysanthemum was proposed in this paper.