| With the booming eco-tourism industry, more and more people are yearning for ecological and natural landscape. The mountain meadow regards as a kind of scarce natural resources in China, with its unique terrain features, the vast, ecological, natural and wild landscape features, as well as the unique natural advantages (such as natural oxygen bar, summer heat), which has increasingly become a new kind of eco-recreational resources, and it will also become inevitable in rational development and utilization. Mountain meadow as a special type of grass in Chongqing city mainly distributes in Wuxi and Wushan County, at an elevation of above 2000 meters in mountainous areas, which covers an area with broad and obvious characteristics of resources and great potential for development. At Present, study on landscape of meadow(or grass)is more concentrated in the grassland degradation, the grassland ecosystem destruction and recovery, however, study on its development and utilization adopting landscape aesthetics and recreational points is still in the initial stage, has not yet formed a complete theoretical system.Above the background and trend, combined with the characteristics and functions of meadow landscape resources, the development and utilization of this special and natural landscape becomes the main object of study, and views whole scenery as the study area for this paper. Therefore, the results mainly reflect in the following respects:1. According to the relevant data and the number of field investigation, the habitat characteristics of study area had been analyzed and described in detail from physical geography and socio-economic, combined with the characteristics of meadow landscape resources and its location in middle mountain environment. Mainly to choose topography, hydrological conditions, vegetation resources, traffic status and its landscape visibility into the ecological analysis of single factor, with the evaluation and analysis to arrive at a comprehensive result, this played an important role in ecological analysis of landscape planning of study area.Topography analysis:It selected the elevation, slope and aspect as three factors for its analysis. It had come to the main elevation between 1800meters and 2400meters in study area, the highest point of elevation was 2627.5meters, and the lowest was 618.4meters, of which the number of peaks with altitude above 2000meters was more than 50. The mountain was gentle and steep at a slope of 8 to 45degrees, which was flat with below 8degree accounting for 21.2percent of the total area, bigger than 45degree was belong to more acute and steep slope accounting for 11.51 percent. The natural aspect was mainly southwest and south, which accounts for about 32.46 percent.Hydrological conditions analysis:due to the special geological conditions of the study area, there was less surface water, the larger catchment rivers only contain Sai River and Bay Beach River, besides, there were some underground rivers and scattered natural ponds. Because scarce ground water resources and surrounding ecological environment sensitivity, the analysis to existing water resources from both the spatial distribution and water buffer region, which was divided into five parts, and the result of water buffer analysis was that nearer to the ecology of water region was more sensitive, the more need for reasonable protection and development.Vegetation resources analysis:there were five types, such as coniferous forest, broad-leaved forest, mixed coniferous, shrubs and meadow. Through field survey and graphic analysis, we got the geographic distribution of different vegetation types and their accounts. Combination with the map of slope analysis, the meadow mainly located in the flatland region with mountains, covers an area of about 9470square kilometers and accounts for 41.41 percent in the forest and grass resources.Traffic analysis:for the planning of existing roads from the spatial distribution, it contained the easy road and the tour trails, which laid the foundation for the later was reasonable to create a road system.Land situation analysis:the types of land in the study area, including natural jungle, shrubs, meadow, dry land, water, roads, residential construction land and others,of which meadow resources accounts for 39.13percent, and the natural jungle, shrubs and meadow almost account for 94.5percent in whole area.Landscape visibility analysis:to select a few points with better vision in study area, and it came to find visible and invisible regions from this analysis, so as to provide a certain reference for selecting the best spots of landscape planning and construction.2. According to the meanings of ecological sensitivity and ecological suitability analysis, using two comprehensive evaluations based on the habitat characteristics in the study area. Ecological sensitivity analysis to select the elevation, slope, water distribution and vegetation diversity, and it divided into single-factor level and determined the weight, and then the overlay analysis. According to the rated weights, the study area was divided into three categories, which include low sensitive region accounting for 20.91percent of the total area, and sensitive region accounting for 18.68, and high sensitive region accounting for 60.41. According to the results, the study area was divided into the first level, second level and third level of nature protection area, and established the corresponding measures in conservation planning. To select ecological sensitivity, slope, land status, landscape view status and water buffer status to ecological suitability analysis.Through the single factor classification and the weights determination, and then the overlay analysis, as the result,the study area is demarcated into five different levels, one of the most suitable area, which appropriately takes up 12.58percent of the total area, basic suitability of land accounts for 6.79, and the area should not and can not be used accounts for about 80.61. 3. To divide kinds of rational function zonings in the planning area based on the evaluation results of ecological suitability assessment for landscape construction. Based on the ecological assessment results, the paper put forward some planning principles and strategies from some aspects such as the conservation and utilization of vegetation and water resources, the construction of the road system and recreation facilities, so as to achieve the double win of ecological protection and landscape sustainable utilization of natural resource of Hongchiba scenic zone.The suitable principles and construction strategy for landscape planning on the basis of the related analysis and exploration, which lays a foundation of preliminary analysis and provides a certain theoretical basis for comprehensive ecological planning and design in the future, but also provides some certain references and values for the surrounding mountain meadow landscape and other similar scenic development and utilization. Therefore, this study has important practical significance. |
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