Study On Factors Affecting Quality Of Chrysanthemum Morifoliumfor Medicine And Regulating With Light Intensity And Microelement

Flos Chrysanthemi, the dried capitulum of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat, a perennial herb from compositae, has been used as the common medicinal material and important export medicinal material which has considerable medicinal value, extensive clinical application and large scale market demand. Quality of medicinal plants is the result of interaction with environment during long-term evolutionary process. It is important to study effects of ecological factors and environmental regulation on quality of C. morifolium. This paper mainly studied the quantified relationship between quality of C. morifolium and soil factors, effects of light intensity and microelement fertilizers on growth and medicinal quality of C. morifolium. The results are as follows:1. To study the relationship between medicinal quality of C. morifolium and meteorology and soil factors, screen out the leading factors. The results showed that C. morifolium from different planting sites had different medicinal quality. The meteorology and soil were the important factors which affected the medicinal quality of C. morifolium. The monthly mean temperature of May to August were the most important factors that affected the active component content of C. morifolium, followed by the monthly relative humidity of July to November and the monthly sunsine hours of July and August. The contents of soil available P and K were the most important factors that affected the active component content of C. morifolium, followed by urease activities, phosphatase activities, invertase activities and organic matter content. The mineral elements of C. morifolium and soil had better relativity in which P and K were enriched well, followed by Cd, Ca, Zn, and Cu. The main leading factors of mineral elements in soil were P and K, followed by Fe, Cu and Zn.2. The growth characteristics, photosynthetic characteristics, physiological and biochemical indexes and the active component content of C. morifolium were measured under different treatments of light intensity to investigate the effect of light intensity on growth and medicinal quality of C. morifolium. The results showed that C. morifolium can accommodate to the weak light environment slightly. Appropriate shade was beneficial to growth and medicinal quality of C. morifolium at the vegetative stage, and the suitable light environment was between80%～60%of full sunlight and the optimum treating time was20～40days.3. The growth characteristics, photosynthetic characteristics, physiological and biochemical indexes and the active component content of C. morifolium were measured under different treatments of microelement fertilizers to investigate the effects of microelement (Fe, Mn, Cu and B) on growth and medicinal quality of C. morifolium and mechanism of action. The results showed that Fe, Mn, Cu and B had promotive effects on growth and photosynthetic characteristics at different levels. Fe deficiency had larger effect on morphological characteristics and biomass, while less effect on photosynthetic characteristics, physiological and biochemical indexes and the active component content. Mn deficiency had minimum effect on PPO activity and protein content. Cu deficiency had maximum effect on biomass, photosynthetic pigment content and PPO activity. B deficiency has lager effect on reproductive growth, photosynthetic characteristics and protein content, but less effect on vegetable growth. B also can increase PAL activity significantly. In all, the optimization combination of microelement fertilizers was Fe2,300mg·pot-1MnCl2·4H2O+16mg·pot-1CuSO4·5H2O+200mg·pot-1H3BO3。...