| Freesia refracta ‘Xiangmei’ is corm flower and a kind of excellent ornamental plant. It’sunderground bulbs can be used for breeding; the flowers of the aerial parts can be used ascut flowers and extract the flavor; the plants are appropriate for making flower bed decoratedand also used as potted plants, good economic returns. The cut flowers of freesia are superb incolor, fragrance and gesture, in Shanghai, Hong Kong, the Netherlands and Japan, it hasbecome an important cut flower and it has a broad industry prospects. Compared with theother cut flowers in winter, Freesia has more flower color, the scent lasting longer; thecultivation period is relatively short, it can improve the utilization of facilities; we can controltheir flowering period through controlling temperature, so that it can provide flowers all theyear round. With the improving of the consumption in the cut flowers, the sales of the cutflowers of fressia are increased. But for now, the period of supply of the freesia cut flowers isshort, generally concentrated during March to April, this period the price of the cut flowersare low, poor economic performance. Thus, Freesia has great development potential, byforcing culture of regulation of flowering, can provide cut flowers on Christmas, New Year’sDay and Spring Festival, which can greatly enhance the economic benefits of the cut flowers.Using Freesia refracta ‘Xiangmei’ as material, researched and concluded as thefollowing aspects:(1)Study on flower bud differentiation of ‘Xiangmei’. Observed flower bud differentiationthrough paraffin method, the course can be divided into6periods: The primary differentiationphase, Single flower priordium form phase, Calyx priordium form phase, Perianthprimordium form phase, Staminal and pistil form phase and Inflorescence stretch phase.(2)Changes of endougenous hormones during the flower bud differentiation in the corms of‘Xiangmei’: high IAA and GA content accelerate morphological differentiation, low IAA andGA content accelerate physiological differentiation. ABA content shows no directlycorrelation with flowering. ZR content is always in low level before flower bud differentiation,and then rised in anaphase. Maybe four hormon correspond to accelerate flower development.(3)Effect of different cold storage temperature and time on flowering time of ‘Xiangmei’corms: Study on botanical characteristics, growth and development characteristics andflowering time of ‘Xiangmei’, through different temperatures5℃,8℃,11℃, CK anddifferent storage durations60d,50d,40d,30d,0d. This research revealed that: at the same storage temperature, long cold storage resulted in early flowering but the length of cut flowerswas short. The flowering time of storaged for60d,50d,40d at11℃are almost the same asthe durations at8℃. The stems height of ‘Xiangmei’ storaged at8℃for40d and30d arelonger than those which storaged at11℃and8℃, the flowering time of ‘Xiangmei’ storagedat8℃for40d are64days in advance, and it’s stem height can reach to43.9cm.(4)Effect of different storage temperature and time on soluble protein and carbohydrate incorms of Xiangmei. This research revealed that: The soluble protein content is reduced withthe growth of the overground plants and the content of starch declined firstly and then pickedup. The change of the content of soluble sugar is on the contrary of the change of the contentof starch. The tendency of form rooting and sprouting to the end of bud differentiationrevealed that the hydrolysis product of starch supplied as structure material, it participated inbuilding the body structure of the stem and flower buds. The hydrolysis product of starch instems and leafs supplied to the corms which would caused the content of starch ascend. |
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