Studies On Substrates, Nutrient Solution Selection And Siphon-permeating System Soilless Culture Technique Of Spring Onion

Spring onion(Allium fistulosum L.) is a kind of vegetables originated in China， andoccupies a very important position in the domestic vegetables production. In recent years，with the development of economy and improving of living standards， people are eager tohave fresh green spring onion in the cold winter. In order to meet the demands of market，new cultivation methods and facilities such as greenhouses or soilless cultivation systems areadopted to change the production and harvest season besides improving the seeds quality ofspring onion.At the principle of lower input， improving spring onion quality and its sustainabledevelopment， we designed and studied a new type of siphon-permeating soilless culturesystem. Its basic principle is supplying the seedlings with nutrition by the action of capillary.In this test we first select the best soilless substrate and optimal nutrition media fit for thegrowth of spring onion. Survey the different effects on characters of growing spring onionunder this new type of soilless cultivation system and the common one at the same outconditions to provide a scientific basis in improving the quality of fresh spring onion，changing its production and harvest seasons under soilless cultivation.The variety we used is Zhangqiu spring onion purified and re-stronged by VegetableInstitute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science. In this paper mainly studied the newsystem of siphon-permeating soilless culture technique and detected the main economicalcharacters， quality and main nutrition content et.al.， and further selected the optimalnutrient solution media and substrate for spring onion. The detailed results are listed below:1. compared with common soilless culture siphon-permeating-system soilless culture can supply plantlet of spring onion with optimal growth conditions for its scientificwater-supplying manner and capability of water and fertilizer preserving and improve thequality of seedlings. Comparing with common soilless culture the cost of this type of cultureis lower and the labor it needs is decreasing， so the cost performance is improved greatly.2. From the assay of physicochemical index of single substrate such as sphagnum，vermiculite， perlite and mushroom compost dregs et.al. we know that there are greatdifferences among them. It is difficult for single substrate to meet the demands of plantgrowing， and only complex ones can do it well. According to the effects on the growth ofspring onion and detection of physicochemical index the best complex substrates for seedlingis sphagnum: perlite: vermiculite=6:3:1（volume rate）.3. In the comparative experiment of nutrient solutions， spring onion grows mostluxuriantly in circulated lettuce nutrient solution， the index of its fresh weight， length et.al.all have apparently improved from the middle growing period. As a whole， circulated lettucenutrient solution is the best one for spring onion seedlings cultured in substrate among thetested five ones.